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Unseen passage for class 11 is the most important part to score higher marks in your exam. Unseen Passage for Class 11 carries 20 marks in your English exam. Obviously, you need to make yourself an expert in the unseen passage for class 11 to score higher marks in your exam.

Reading the unseen passage for class 11 in English will help you to write better answers in your exam and improve your reading skill.

Students who are planning to score higher marks in class 11 should practice the unseen passage for class 11 before attending the CBSE board exam.

It is compulsory to solve the unseen passage for class 11 to score higher marks in your exam.

To improve your skills, we have provided you with the unseen passage for class 11 with answers pdf. We have 15 unseen passage for class 11 given below.

While Solving the passage, you will see some Unseen Passage with multiple choice questions for class 11 is also present in them. It is provided to make yourself an expert by solving them and score good marks in your exam. You can also practice unseen passage for class 11 in Hindi.

Remember don’t start with writing the answer when you did not see unseen passage for class 11.

Steps to attempt unseen passage for class 11

Before solving the passage,we want to give you some tips to help you in unseen passage for class 11.

1-Read each and every one of the lines carefully in the passage. Read the passage twice, it will help you in understanding more about the passages and make it less difficult for you to find the answer.

2-If the passage has a title, then read it first as it gives you the basic idea about the passage.

3-while reading the passages underline all the word which you find difficult because you can be tested on those word in the vocabulary question.

4-Always give importance to the beginning and end of the passages because they often have the most important information of the passage.

5-while answering the question be sure that you have completely understood the question because the answer should be relevant to the question. Don’t try to give a general answer.

6-Ensure that you answer the question as it carries how much mark is needed. The subjective questions should be answered in complete sentences.

7-Write the answer in your own language and modify the answer according to the question.

8-Answer should be derive from the information in given passages.

9-Ensure that you use similar tense in which question has been asked.

10-IN MCQs read the questions and options properly before choosing the correct option because all options are often related.

11- Write the correct question number in answer sheet to avoid mistake. 

Read the passage carefully and answer the given questions that follow :

TOWERS OF CONCERN

1. India has over 400,000 telecom towers at present, but the growth in the number of towers is just 3 percent annually, which compares poorly with the over 12 million subscribers added by industry every year. Telecom service providers say that a “health scare” among the public is what prevents additional towers from coming up in large numbers. What is the truth in this?

2. A Bioinitiative Report in 2012 pointed towards health hazards due to radiation from cell towers. The most common of these are sleep disorders, headache, irritability, concentration problems, memory loss, depression, hearing loss and joint problems. More severe problems include seizures, paralysis, miscarriage, irreversible infertility and cancer. Many countries have lower radiation norms, says Girish Kumar, a professor in the electrical engineering department of IIT-Bombay. For instance, Austria has a radiation limit of 1 milliwatt per square metre. In countries such as Russia, China, Italy and Poland, the allowed limit is 100 milliwatt per square metre. “If mobile coverage is possible in these countries, then there is no reason why we cannot have low radiation levels in our country,” says Kumar.

3. There was a wave of protests in Mumbai over possible radiation effects of cell phone towers. The protests grew after film actor Juhi Chawla stepped in to first get towers right opposite her home in Mumbai’s Malabar Hill removed, and subsequently mobilised support from the public and activists to launch a full-fledged awareness campaign against cell phone towers. She wanted telecom companies to lower radiation levels on towers near residential areas, put a cap on the number of antennae, and place towers at a distance from buildings. Meanwhile, reports on the ill-effects of radiation poured in. For instance, residents of the Sree Samarth building in Dadar’s Parsi colony claimed that they saw six cases of cancer in the building in a period of just three years, allegedly caused by radiation from telecom towers in the area.

4. The link between the towers and cancer was not proved in any of the cases, but they set panic bells ringing in government circles. In 2014, the Department of Telecommunications undertook a study on radiation levels through its Telecom Enforcement Resource and Monitoring (TERM) wing in Mumbai. It addressed the public’s grievances and reassured them that operators are indeed adhering to the prescribed norms on radiation. Union Telecom Minister Ravi Prasad also told INDIA TODAY that there are no conclusive studies to prove that radiation from these towers is a health hazard.

5. The American Cancer Society, a non-profit organisation, says that radiation levels from cell phone towers are low since the towers are mounted high above ground level and signals are transmitted intermittently . Unless someone is exposed directly in front of the antennae, the radiation impact would be limited, the society says.
– M.G. Arun

On the basis of your understanding of the passage answer the following questions with the help of the given options :

Question. The growth in the number of towers in India is
(i) 2 percent annually
(ii) 3 percent annually
(iii) 4 percent annually
(iv) 5 percent annually

Question. Department of Telecommunications conducted a study on radiation level through its
(i) Telecom Monitoring Resource Wing
(ii) Telecom Enforcement Resource and Monitoring
(iii) Telecom Radiation Enforcement Wing
(iv) Telecom Radiation Vigilance Department

Question. Which cancer society says that radiation levels from cell phone are low-
(i) Indian Cancer Society
(ii) Russian Cancer Society
(iii) American Cancer Society
(iv) African Cancer Society

Find words from the passage which mean the same as :
Question. emission (para 2)
a) irreversible
b) seizures
c) radiation
d) hazards

Question. complaint (para 4)
a) prescribed
b) adhering
c) grievance
d) conclusive

Based on above given passage, answer the following questions briefly: 

Question. How many telecom towers are present in India and what is the growth rate annually?
Answer. There are 40000 towers at present and the growth rate is 3% annually.

Question. Name any three common and two severe health diseases due to radiation.
Answer. The three common health diseases due to radiation are sleep disorder, headache and memory loss and two severe health diseases due to radiation are paralysis and cancer.

Question. What is the allowed limit of radiation in Austria, Russia, Italy and Poland?
Answer. The allowed limit of radiation in Austria is 1 milliwatt per square metre and 100 milliwatt per square metre in Russia, China, Italy and Poland.

Question. What were the ill-effects of radiation faced by the residents of Dadar’s Parsi colony?
Answer. The ill-effects of radiation faced by the residents of Dadar’s Parsi colony was six cases of cancer in the building in a period of just three years.

Question. Which department of telecommunication undertook a study on radiation?
Answer. Telecom Enforcement Resource and Monitoring (TERM) department of telecommunication undertook a study on radiation.

Case based Unseen Passage for Class 11

Read the passage carefully:

The difference in the ways of thinking and perception in the people of two different generations, which results in behavioural differences and sometimes, conflict among them is usually called generation gap. Generation gap is generally seen in the family between parents and their children. It is not only because of the gap in age, but also because of the way parents react to a particular situation. Children being very young and immature do not understand the way of thinking of their parents. In many cases, the parents, even if they are matured, do not empathize with the changing values and thinking pattern of the modern world. This creates a communication gap between these two generations.

Generation gap between parents and children is mostly caused by parents themselves. They do not talk openly to their children and do not take part in solving their problems. This behaviour gives the impression about parents being authoritative persons, because they only dictate without understanding the problems faced by their children. As a result, the children become mentally isolated from their parents. Some parents become so busy with their work that they don’t spend quality time with their family, which makes them completely unaware of how their children are growing, what kind of mentality is being developed in them, and so on. This ultimately creates a gap between them. They only realize it when it is too late.

Changes in technology have led to the generation gap in this modern world. Children tend to spend most of their time with their digital devices and are so busy with social media, that they do not discuss their problems with their parents. The internet provides solutions to most of the worldly problems. So children, instead of contacting their own parents, seek the help of internet in case of any problem, thus again reducing the communication, leading to a generation gap between them.

The generation gap has greatly increased these days because the time is changing fast and people find it difficult to cope up with this change. To overcome this problem, parents should show interest in all matters of their children and deal with them positively instead of just scolding them and leaving them alone to deal with their problems. Giving time to the children, having open communication, and allowing the child to feel free and not in any kind of pressure, will eventually reduce the generation gap to a tolerable extent.

Answer any four of the following questions:

Question. What causes the gap between the parents and their children?
Answer. The gap between the parents and children is caused firstly, due to the difference in the ways of thinking, which leads to misunderstanding. Secondly, due to the way parents react to a particular situation and immaturity on the part of children to understand various situations. Parents don’t empathize with changing values.

Question. Why is generation gap there in the families?
Answer. There is generation gap due to age gap and the way the parents react to a particular situation.

Question. Why do children view their parents as dictatorial?
Answer. Parents often do not talk openly to their children. They usually dictate without understanding the problems faced by their children.

Question. How has advancement in technology led to the generation gap?
Answer. Children spend most of their time with digital devices and there is no communication with parents.

Question. What steps need to be taken to bridge this gap?
Answer. Parents should show interest in all the matters of their children, should have open communication, should allow children to put forth their views and should show positivity.

Question. What is meant by the word, ‘particular’?
1.specific 2. usual 3. normal 4. instant
Answer. specific

Question. What is meant by the word, ‘isolated’? (Para 3)
1.bound 2. grown 3.separated 4.unconcerned
Answer. separated

Question. What is the antonym of the word, ‘solution’? (Para 5)
1.difficulties 2. Irritations 3problems 4. decisio
Answer. problems

Question. What is the antonym of the word, ‘reduce’?
1.tear 2.expand 3. open 4.abridge
Answer. expand

Question. Most of the parents don’t spend ___time with their family.
1.free 2.quality 3. weekend 4.leisure
Answer. quality

Case based Unseen Passage for Class 11

Read the passage given below:

1. During our growing up years, we as children were taught–both at home and school–to worship the photos and idols of the gods of our respective religions. When we grow a little older, we read holy books like The Bhagwad Gita, Bible and Quran; we were told that there are a lot of life lessons to be learnt from these holy books. We were then introduced to stories from our mythologies which taught us about ethics and morality–what is good and what is bad. I also learnt to be respectful towards my parents who made my life comfortable with their hard work, love and care, and my teachers who guided me to become a good student and a responsible citizen. Much later in life, I realised that though we learn much from our respective holy books, there is a lot to learn from our surroundings. This realisation dawned upon me when I learnt to enquire and explore. Everything around us–the sun, the moon, the stars, rain, rivers, stones, rocks, birds, plants and animals–teach us many valuable life lessons.

3. No wonder that besides the scriptures in many cultures’ nature is also worshipped. The message that we get is to save our environment and maintain ecological balance. People are taught to live in harmony with nature and recognise that there is God in all aspects of nature.

4. Nature is a great teacher. A river never stops flowing. If it finds an obstacle in its way in the form of a heavy rock, the river water fights to remove it from its path or finds an alternative path to move ahead. This teaches us to be progressive in life, and keep the lighting spirit alive.

5. Snakes are worshipped as they eat insects in the field that can hurt our crops, thus protecting the grains for us. In fact, whatever we worship is our helper and makes our lives easy for us. There are many such examples in nature, but we are not ready to learn a lesson. Overcome with greed, we are destroying nature. As a result we face natural disasters like drought, flood and landslides. We don’t know that nature is angry with us.

6. However, it is never too late to learn. If we learn to respect nature the quality of our life will improve.

On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer the following questions:

Question. What are we taught in our childhood and growing up years?
Answer. We are taught in our childhood to worship the photos and idols. We are taught in our growing up years to read holy books like the Bhagwat Gita, Bible and Quran. We were taught that there are a lot of life lessons to be learnt from these holy books.

Question. Why should we respect our parents and teacher
Answer. We should respect our parents because they have made our life comfortable with their hard work, love and care. We should respect our teachers because they have guided us in becoming a good student and a responsible citizen.

Question. What message do we get when we worship nature?
Answer. When we worship nature the message, we get is to save our environment and maintain ecological balance.

Question. How does a river face an obstacle that comes in its way?
Answer. When an obstacle comes in its way, the water in the river fights to remove it from its path. The river water can also find an alternative path to move ahead.

Question. How does the nature express its anger with us?
Answer. The nature its anger through natural disasters like drought, flood and landslides.

On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer of the following:

Question. In para 5, the synonym of ‘catastrophe’ is ………………………….. .
(i) overcome
(ii) greed
(iii) disaster
(iv) drought

Question. In para 3, the antonym of ‘discordance’ is ………………………….. .
(i) scriptures
(ii) harmony
(iii) recognise
(iv) discomfort

Question. When we worship nature, the message we get is to save our environment and maintain ecological balance
i. True
ii. False
iii. Neither true nor false
iv. Either true or false

Question. The stories from our mythologies taught us about …..
(i) ethics and morality
(ii) life lessons
(iii) enquire and explore
(iv) progressive in life

Question. When we are not ready to learn a lesson, we
(i) fail in life
(ii) are optimistic
(iii) overcome with greed
(iv) fail in exam

Unseen Passage for Class 11

Read the following passage carefully:

1. Frankness may be among the most overrated of virtues! And here‘s why. Because unrestricted and unfiltered frankness is a recipe for breaking relationships, even the closest ones. Such frankness is understandable, acceptable and even cute‘ only in children under the age of five.

2. Thinking before one speaks and using restraint are hallmarks of growing maturity and preparation for life. Learning to put a filter between thought and spoken word (and, even more importantly, written word) is an important life skill. Think is a popular acronym for True, Helpful, Inspiring, Necessary and Kind.
This would do wonderfully well as a filter in our minds.

3. It is good to speak what‘s true, but only along with the other attributes in the acronym, particularly the last one, kindness. In the righteous glow of speaking what we see as the truth, we often forget to be kind. We blurt out truths‘ even when it is totally unhelpful and unnecessary to do so, let alone inspiring! Too often, such truth–telling is destructive rather than noble. Only those who do not care about the consequences can afford the luxury of speaking their minds‘ whenever and wherever they please. When relationships are at stake, it is essential to choose the time, place and words appropriately when imparting unpleasant truths. And even then, only when absolutely necessary and with the utmost kindness.

4. Speaking without forethought can be even more dangerous in other circumstances, for example, when someone has entrusted us with a secret. A sign of maturity is the ability to keep a secret. Very young children are incapable of understanding the concept of a secret. To them, every piece of information is interesting, new and meant to be shared. As we grow older, we all learn how to keep a secret, but too often we keep only our own secrets and not those that others confide in us. We may blurt out something a friend told us in confidence, perhaps carelessly but often to appear important in other people‘s estimation. It gives us a sense of power to know something that our friends don‘t, and it requires conscious effort to keep the information to ourselves.

5. But this is the real test of an important life skill: self–restraint. Revealing a friend‘s secret is to betrayal of the friendship. Indeed, the consequences may well spread way beyond the friendship alone. It may lead to gossip spreading like a forest fire, destroying peace of mind and even lives.

6. Words have power to hurt or heal. They are not mere tools for tweeting and messaging. Before the tongue speaks, before the fingers fly over the keyboard, it is important to pause and apply the THINK acronym filter. Is this True, Helpful, Inspiring, Necessary and Kind?

7. Of course it is important to communicate. But it is far more important to be considerate and compassionate. Speaking well is a skill: speaking kindly is a life skill.

Based on your understanding of the passage, answer ANY FIVE questions from the six given below.

Question. How much of frankness is acceptable?
Answer. One should be frank to the extent that it does not affect relationships. Complete frankness looks good only in small children. As we grow old we should be smart and filter information.

Question. What does the term put a filter‘ mean in this context?
Answer. In this context to put a filter‘ means before speaking, a sensible person will filter whatever he wishes to say. He will think through his thoughts before uttering a word.

Question. According to the writer what is the best way to reveal the truth‖?
Answer.  The writer says that one must ensure that the place, time and the words are chosen with care. In addition to this, one must use very kind words to convey the truth.

Question. Why is it important to keep secrets?
Answer. It is very important to keep secrets. We may blurt out something a friend told us in confidence, in a careless manner but often to appear important in other people‘s estimation. So, it requires conscious effort  to keep the information to ourselves.

Question. The antonym of cruelty‘, used in para 3 is……..
Answer. kindness

Question. What are the power of Words excluding tweeting and messaging?
Answer. hurt or heal.

Case based factual Passage for Class 11

1. On the eve of International Youth Day, which is observed globally every year on 12th August,experts and policy commentators in India have called for more steps by the government to create employment opportunities.

2. According to a 2011 Census, people aged 15-24 comprise one-fifth or 19% of India‘s total population. Multiple reports, however, indicate that the number of unemployed youths in the South Asian country is rising.

3. The Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy, a think tank, said India‘s labour participation rate in May was 40%, with 15 million jobs lost in the month. ―May 2021 is also the fourth consecutive month of a fall in employment. The cumulative fall in employment since January 2021 is 25.3 million. Employment in January 2021 was 400.7 million. This has dropped to 375.5 million,‖ said the report published in June.

4. Similarly, The Financial Express, a leading business daily, recently reported that according to the International Labour Organisation‘s database, India‘s unemployment rate rose to 7.11% in 2020 – the highest in at least three decades.

5. ―High rates of unemployment are dangerous. If you have so many unemployed people, it means they are neither saving nor consuming. This has a direct impact on economic growth and the country‘s economic potential,‖
Rajrishi Singhal, a policy consultant who has also worked at the country‘s top financial newspapers, told Anadolu Agency.
Ritu Dewan, vice president of the Indian Society of Labour Economics, said the situation has further worsened due to COVID-19.

6.―Unemployment was there even before the pandemic, but now the situation has turned from bad to worse,‖ Dewan, who is also a former director of the Department of Economics at the University of Mumbai, told Anadolu Agency.She said that several reports of late have pointed out that unemployment among both men and women is very high in the country and ―we need to take steps urgently.‖

7. The government has acknowledged that virus lockdowns have affected economies across the globe, including that of India. Earlier this month, Prime Minister Narendra Modi asked industry representatives to look at ways to increase exports, a move that could help boost employment.

Based on your understanding of the passage, answer ANY FIVE questions from the six given below.

Question. What is the focus of the above passage?
Answer. ―The increasing problem of youth unemployment in India‖ is the focus of the given passage.

Question. What is the correct meaning of the following statement-―this has a direct impact on economic growth and country‘s economic potential.
Answer. ―Unemployment and unemployed people have a harmful effect on the country‘s economic potential

Question. Why does the condition of unemployment turned from bad to worse?
Answer. COVID-19.

Question. What did PM Narendra Modi ask the industry representatives to do?
Answer. Ask representatives to increase exports.

Question. List two possible means to generate employment.
Answer. Improve Quality of Education, by promoting Tourism etc…… (Open ended)

Question. Why are young people more vulnerable to unemployment?
Answer. Skill crises, Assistance and dependency

Short Unseen Passage Class 11 with questions and answers

Read the following passage carefully:

1. I came to California during spring; that alone was stressful. Then I discovered that academics here were much harder than back home. Add to this that I didn‘t know anyone and had trouble making friends. I was getting more anxious by the day, and I didn‘t know what to do. However, as time went by my shyness changed to excitement, and that excitement generated an adventurous spirit in me. I wanted to go out and explore Berkeley, and I was building up the courage to talk to more people.

2. I stayed in the dorms when I first arrived. Although most people on the floor had already formed their cliques, I‘m still grateful to have lived there. I met people who introduced me to many clubs, classes, and activities that I might otherwise have missed out on.

3. Still, all the changes and challenges were really getting to me. I used to overeat when I was anxious, which didn‘t benefit my body at all–my stomach would hurt, and then I‘d be even more stressed that I didn‘t feel well! ―Talking‖ to someone wasn‘t an idea that occurred to me until much later, when I learned that expressing my feelings might be a healthier (and less stomach–ache–inducing) way to relieve stress.

4. One of my first friends happened to be in the Health Worker Program (HWP). She was so amazing! I felt like I finally found someone to talk to, someone who would listen to me. Eventually, by the end of my first semester at California, things started to look up. I made more friends, I adjusted to the academics at Berkeley, and I learned how to live in a city completely different from my hometown. I don‘t think I would have managed, though, if it had not been for my friend‘s empathetic nature and peer counselling training. My experience with her led me to become a health worker as well. When one thinks of health, many images come to mind; the flu, a cough, medicine. With my major being Linguistics (read: a social science!), I was very apprehensive about applying to such a program. I quickly discovered, however, that being a health worker wasn‘t about playing doctor–it‘s about learning life skills (which I continue to use in my daily life, on and off campus) and becoming an advocate of health for your peers.

Based on your understanding of the passage, answer ANY FIVE questions from the six given below.

Question. What were the causes of stress for the writer?
Answer. The writer was new to California. He was away from his hometown and also the classroom learning was very different from what it was back in his hometown. That caused lots of stress and he had nobody to talk to about it.

Question. What recourse did the writer take to as time went by?
Answer. Initially he was a shy person but with time he developed interest in the things around him and slowly started talking to people, made friends and this helped him to beat the stress.

Question. What is the essential job of a health worker?
Answer. Health workers are people whom you can go to, talk to and discuss your issues. Essentially, they are life–skill trainers. They care for the health of their peers.

Question. How did meeting with the health worker help the writer?
Answer. Meeting the health worker gave more confidence to the writer, helped him adapt to the new surroundings and he decided to become a health worker himself so that he could help his peers with their problems.

Question. What are the health workers basically do, who care for the health of their peers?
Answer. Life skill trainer

Question. When did the writer get adventurous spirit in him?
Answer. When time went by his shyness changed to excitement, and that excitement generated an adventurous spirit in him.

Unseen passage for class 11 with answers PDF

1.Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow :

1. Life on our planet earth began with the sea; it is the birth place of life on the earth. The earth is the only planet of the solar system so far known which contains plenty of water and this water has made our earth colourful, pulsating with life of a vast variety.

2. At present sea occupies about 70 percent of the earth’s surface. In the southern hemisphere it occupies more area than that in the northern. About 97 per cent of the total water on the surface of the earth is found in the seas and the remaining three per cent, which is generally fresh, in lakes, rivers, ponds, etc.

3. Sea has given food and shelter to countless creatures. It is a potential source of protein. In 1900 the world population was only 150 crore (1500 million), now it is more than 560 crore and it is increasing at a very fast rate. As a result there is a terrible hunger in many parts of the world. In Africa, Asia and South America, millions of people do not get enough to eat. Many die of malnutrition. Sea, if used scientifically and judiciously, can meet most of our demands.

4. Plankton or algae mostly constitutes the plant life. Some are tiny microbes which cannot be seen by the naked eye but they are found in abundance in the sea.

5. These marine plankton form the basis of entire sea life. Like plant plankton there are also animal plankton, the smallest living creatures of the sea. These animal plankton feed on plant plankton and small fish. Thus, there is an unbroken chain of life in the sea. Arctic and Antarctic seas abound in plankton and algae and so in fish also. Blue whales, the largest living creatures of the world, are also found here in great number.

6. Some countries have developed sea farming to a great extent. The Japanese and Hawaiians relish eating sea plants but it is not in other countries though some use them to feed their cattle or as manure in their fields. The fact is that sea plants contain rich nutrients not found in other vegetarian food. It is good that even in our country some scientists have developed some recipes for curries, jams etc to be made from algae.

7. But we must remember one thing that sea is not to be exploited indiscriminately. For example, man in his greed has hunted whales and some other sea creatures so recklessly that some of their species have either become extinct or are on the verge of extinction. Now nations of the world have realized their folly and have taken some joint decisions. For example, one such decisions is that the size of the holes in fishing nets should be big enough to let baby fish escape through. Otherwise, killing of large quantities of very young fish would have an adverse effect on the fish population. In the same way, another decision is for the protection of blue whales.

Answer the following questions choosing the appropriate option.

Question. Freshwater refers to the water of
(a) Sea
(b) Lakes, rivers, ponds etc
(c) Rainwater
(d) Processed water

Question. There is a terrible hunger in many parts of the world due to
(a)Overpopulation
(b)High pollution level
(c)Global warming
(d) Industrialisation

Question. Blue whale, the largest living creatures of the world, are found in great number in
(a) Indian Ocean
(b) Pacific Ocean
(c) Mediterranean Sea
(d) Arctic and Antarctic Sea

Question. The countries which have developed sea farming to a great extent are
(a) Japan and Hawaii
(b) China and India
(c) Malaysia and Singapore
(d) Sri Lanka and Bangladesh

Question. The size of the holes in fishing nets should be big enough to let __
(a) Big fish stay in
(b) Water flow out
(c) Baby fish escape through
(d) More fish enter

Question. Sea plants contain rich nutrients not found in __
(a) Other plants
(b) Other vegetarian food
(c) Non vegetarian food
(d) Milk and milk products

Answer the following questions briefly

Question. Why is our earth more colourful and full of life than the other planets of the solar system.?
Answer. The earth is the only planet which contains plenty of water. This had made our Earth more colourful and full of life than the other planets of the solar system.

Question. Mention any two uses of the sea.
Answer. Uses of the sea-
(i) The sea is a potential source of protein which helps in controlling malnutrition.
(ii) The sea gives food and shelter to many creatures.

Question. “There is an unbroken chain of life in the sea.” Explain.
Answer. Plankton or algae form the basis of the entire sea life. Like plant plankton there are also animal plankton, the smallest creatures of the sea. These animal planktons feed on the plant plankton and small fish. Arctic and Antarctic seas abound in plankton and in fish as well. Thus, there is an unbroken chain of life in the sea.

Question. How are humans responsible for the extinction of some species of sea creatures?
Answer. Humans, because of their greed hunted whales and some other creatures so recklessly that some of their species have either become extinct or are on the verge of extinction.

Find words in the paragraph which mean the same as the following

Question. Wisely (Para 3)
Answer. judiciously

Question. Unfavorable (Para 7)
Answer. Adverse

Unseen Passage for Class 11 with questions and answers

2. Read the passage given below and answer the questions given below.

1. Fear of failure is an attitude problem. All of us postpone things. We procrastinate. We rationalize. We make excuses. We foolishly believe that to be creative and to have a positive attitude and to simply do things, we have to have all kinds of preconditions.

2. You can find several excuses for waiting to be more creative. But scratch the surface of these smooth and logical rationalizations, and if you are honest, you will see the face of a little demon, the fear of failure, hiding there.

3. Zig Ziglar reminds us that this is nothing but an attitude problem: „The future can be depressing or magnificent – it is not correlated to the present or the past, past failures or past successes. It is only our attitude towards these failures or successes which determines our future.‟ You can change yourself by changing your attitude without fear of error.

4. Problems cause stress and stress reduces our effectiveness. So it is very logical that once we solve our problems, we should be able to increase our efficiency and effectiveness. Incidentally, we can‟t eliminate problems unless we have the final exit – the very thought of this itself is very stressful.

5. What causes our problems? Well, roughly speaking one-third of our problems are there because we are alive and kicking. Another one-third of our problems are created by ourselves; and the remaining one-third of our problems exist because of greed and ego.

6. When too many problems are causing you enormous stress and strain, do the following:

(i) Think … there must be a better way to solve these problems. It helps to remember the crow and jug story! Recall similar stories and incidents.

(ii) Ask, ask, ask…from yourself and from others, how to do things in better ways.

May be certain things should not be done at all or should be clubbed with other activities! Don’t forget that even stupid questions will get your intelligent and common sense answers.

(iii) Do it now! Start doing it. Don’t forget that the first step towards solving a problem is to begin. The first step is the most difficult one, but taking it will kill procrastination—a disease or a problem in itself. Do not forget to prioritise your problems first. Those which are “C” category jobs should be delegated to others, but do not forget to check and recheck till these get done.

7. There is always a silver lining in any gloomy situation, provided you starve the problems and feed the opportunities. For every problem, there could be several solutions, and solutions point towards opportunities. 8. Apply the MISER concept to solve problems. MISER … where M stands for Merge, I for Improve, S for Simplify, E for Eliminate and R for Reduce. MISER is an excellent conceptual sieve that helps in reducing many problems to a very few ones.

A. Read the questions given below and write the option you consider the most appropriate in your answer sheet:

Question. Most people procrastinate because …………………..
a) They are not creative
b) They adopt a wrong attitude
c) They are too lazy to do anything
d) They wait for better opportunity

Question. Our future is determined by ………………………
a) past failure
b) success in the present
c) efforts in future
d) attitude towards past failures or success.

Question. Our effectiveness gets reduced as …………………….
a) problems multiply
b) depressing time is painful
c) stress is caused by problems
d) problems dishearten us

Question. We cannot eliminate problems because ……………………..
a) we are alive and kicking
b) we are inactive
c) we are afraid of final exit
d) we postpone actions

Question. The best way to tackle a proble m is …………………………
a) to defer it for some time
b) to seek help of a friend
c) to think of an easy solution
d) to begin at once

Question. The word „procrastinate‟ in para 1 means ………………………
a) obtain with difficulty
b) natural tendency to do something bad
c) delay or postpone action
d) start a court case

B. Answer the following questions very briefly.

Question. How does our effectiveness get reduced?
Answer.Our effectiveness gets reduced by problems which cause stress.

Question. Can we eliminate problems? Why not?
Answer.No. – for the simple fact that we are alive and kicking and sometimes our greed and ego
also promote problems.

Question. What is the best way to tackle the problem?
Answer.To begin at once with positive thinking

Question. Which saying has been used in the passage for being optimist?
Answer.
There is always a silver lining in any gloomy situation,

C. Find words in above passage which convey the same meaning as the following:

Question. Delay or postpone action (para 1)
Answer.Procrastinate

Question. Very large (para 6)
Answer. enormous

Unseen Passage with questions and answers for Class 11

3. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

1. Travel is a bug that was in me when I was born, probably inherited from my father. In twenty years of travelling widely through India, I have been most fascinated by those little islands that dot the Bay of Bengal off the East Coast of India. Yes, I am talking about the Andaman Islands. Andaman Islands somehow seemed almost sinister, with images of being haunted, bleak and scary, until my parents actually returned from a trip to Port Blair and told us about these serene islands. We immediately awaited the first opportunity to take a break and check them out.

2. Finally, the D-Day came and we were all ready. We boarded the aircraft and to our surprise found that there were several empty seats. On enquiry, we learnt that all supplies to the Andaman including newspaper and meat go from the mainland and so there is always more cargo and less people.

3. Port Blair airport is a small, old airport that was constructed in 1947. On my way to the hotel I noticed that there are none of the usual auto rickshaws that noisily wend their way through most Indian towns. There was only one traffic signal in the entire town and the roads were more upsand- downs than level. This was all surprising for a person like me who has lived in the coastal towns of Chennai and Mumbai.

4. The colour of the sea was an unpolluted blue, a colour that I had not seen in any of the beaches in India. It was calm and beautiful. I was thrilled with the fact that we were going to spend ten entire days there. All we had to do was sit in the open restaurant, look at the sea, enjoy the cool breeze and feel good.

5. The Andaman Islands are a group of several islands, so most of our sightseeing was by boats. There are a total of more than 356 islands there. Even the oldest boatman, Rathnam, had seen only 200 of them. I figured that ten days was surely not enough to get a full picture of this place, so I started to store every sight, every sound and every smell. The sound and light show at the jail sent a shiver down my spine. (This trip was before the movie ‘Kalapani’ was released). The realisation that those who fought for our Independence had lived, struggled, suffered and even died here left an impact.

2.1 Read the questions given below and write the correct option you consider the most appropriate in your answer sheet

Question. What kind of a passage is this?
(a) Fiction
(b) Travelogue
(c) Persuasive
(d) Biography

Question. Why was the author interested in taking a trip to Andaman Islands?
(a) It had a haunted, bleak and scary image.
(b) As his parents had recently taken a trip there.
(c) He loved travelling.
(d) He was largely fascinated by what his parents told him about the islands.

Question. Why was the author surprised when he reached Port Blair?
(a) The airport was very small.
(b) There was only one traffic signal in the entire town.
(c) The roads were more ups and downs than level.
(d) All of the above

Question. What is the meaning of the phrase ‘sent a shiver down my spine’?
(a) Feel very frightened
(b) Feel very excited
(c) Feel very relaxed
(d) None of these

Question. The synonym of ‘sinister’ in the second paragraph is……………
(a) threatening
(b) left side
(c) benign
(d) good

Question. One thing that left a major impact on the author was……………
(a) the serenity of the place
(b) the wholesome experience
(c) vastness of the islands
(d) the realisation that freedom fighters had lived, struggled and died there

2.2 Answer the following questions very briefly.

Question. Why were there several empty seats in the aircraft?
Answer...because there was always more cargo and less people.

Question. What was unusual about Port Blair?
Answer.There were no noisy auto rickshaws wending their way. The town had only one traffic signal and the roads were more ups-and-downs than level.

Question. How did the author describe the beaches?
Answer.The colour was unpolluted blue, calm and beautiful. The author had not seen such colour in any of the beaches in India.

Question. Why was most of their sightseeing by boats?
Answer.—because the Andaman islands are a group of over 356 islands.

Question. Which word in the passage means ‘provisions’(para 2).
Answer.Supplies

Question.Which word in the passage is an antonym of ‘contaminated’ (para 4).
Answer.Unpolluted

Unseen Passage with multiple choice questions for Class 11

4.Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow. 

1. It‘s not ‗cool‘ to be fat, but that has not prevented an obesity epidemic from occurring among America‘s youth. Childhood obesity increased from 5% in 1964 to about 13% in 1994. Today it is about 20% – and rising. Children, on average, spend up to five to six hours a day involved in sedentary activities like watching television, using the computer, and playing video games, which is partly to blame for this escalating rate. Perhaps it wouldn‘t matter if they were sufficiently active at other times, but most of them aren‘t.

2. To make matters worse, children are bombarded with TV ads from fast food chains and other purveyors of high fat, high sugar meals and snacks. These highly effective advertising campaigns, combined with a physically inactive lifestyle, have produced a generation of kids who are at high risk for obesity-associated medical conditions.

3. The major health threat is the early development of Type 2 diabetes (adult onset), particularly in children with a family history of disease. Doctors are reporting a surge in young adolescents developing Type 2 diabetes – which can lead to heart disease, high blood pressure, kidney disease, stroke, limb amputations, and blindness. People who develop diabetes in adolescence face a diminished quality of life and shortened life span, particularly if the disease progresses untreated. It‘s a scary prospect for our children, but, in many cases, obesity and diabetes are preventable.

4. When children are spending most of their free time sitting in front of televisions and computers, they are not outside running, jumping or engaging in team sports that would keep their weight down. Parents need to set limits on the time their children are engaged in passive activities. Paediatricians recommend restricting children to one to two hours per day on TV and computers combined – though older children may need additional time for learning activities.

5. Parental involvement remains the most important key to our children‘s healthy diets. Programmes to educate parents about nutrition are essential. Fast foods should be consumed only in moderation. Care takers, who are often busy and harried, must avoid the temptation to whisk their kids into fast-food restaurants or to pick up fast food for dinner at home. Changing eating habits and lifestyles is not easy, but the health benefit for our children is a wonderful payoff for parents willing to take on the task.

On the basis of your reading of the passage, complete the following statements by choosing the best of the given choices.

Question. One of the major reasons behind obesity among children is …………..
(a) studying
(b) playing indoor games
(c) their sedentary lifestyle
(d) eating fast foods

Question. Early development of type 2 diabetes is normally found in children with
(a) sedentary lifestyles
(b) strict parents
(c) voracious appetites
(d) a family history of the disease

Question. The most important factor to improve our children’s diet is ………….
(a) parental involvement
(b) not watching TV advertisements
(c) not having fast foods
(d) All of these

Question. Adolescents who develop diabetes may have……… if not treated promptly.
(a) poor quality of life
(b) reduced span of life
(c) Both (a) and(b)
(d) Neither (a) nor (b)

Question. The word………… in para 1 means ‘inactive’.
(a) watching
(b) sedentary
(c) escalating
(d) sitting

Question. The word……….. in para 3 means ‘ to become smaller or weaker’.
(a) untreated
(b) shortened
(c) meagre
(d) diminished

Answer the questions briefly.

Question. How are advertisements responsible for obesity associated medical problems?
Answer.Children are bombarded with TV ads from fast food chains and other purveyors of high
fat, high sugar meals and snacks. These highly effective advertising campaigns, combined with a physically inactive lifestyle, have produced a generation of kids who are at high risk for obesity-associated medical conditions

Question. How does diabetes affect adolescents?
Answer.People who develop diabetes in adolescence face a diminished quality of life and
shortened life span, particularly if the disease progresses untreated.

Question. Type 2 diabetes can lead to………… ‗
Answer.Heart disease, high blood pressure, kidney disease, stroke, limb amputations, and blindness.

Question. In order to keep children‘s weight in check, the parents need to ……………
Answer.Parents need to set limits on the time their children are engaged in passive activities.

Question. ’Inundated‘ is the synonym of…….. in the second paragraph.
Answer.bombarded

Question. The word ……….. in the last paragraph means ‘within limits’.
Answer.moderation.

Unseen Passage for Class 11 with answers pdf

5.Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow

1. Today there is a lot of talk about the environment. All nations are coming to an agreement to save planet earth. Like we pollute the earth, we pollute water; we also pollute the subtle environment with our negative feelings and emotions. We have become a victim of our environment. We are not in control of our mind. We hear a lot about other things in life but we spend very little time to hear about ourselves. How to handle our mind? How to be in the present moment? How to be happy and grateful? This we have not learnt. This is the most unfortunate thing. Then, what is the solution? This is where we miss a very fundamental principle that governs our environment, our mind, our emotions, and our life in general.

2. Our body has the capacity to sustain much longer the vibration of bliss and peace than it does negative emotions because positivity is in the centre of our existence. Just like in the structure of atom, protons and neutrons are in the centre of atom and electron are only the periphery, same is with our lives ; the centre core of our lives is bliss, positivity and joy, but it is surrounded by the cloud of negative ions. Through the help of our breath we can easily get over our negative emotion s in a short period of time. Through meditation and breathing techniques, we can clear the negative cloud.

3. This life has so much to offer to you. You can see this once you take some time off, rejuvenating the soul. Your soul is hungry for a smile from you. If you could give this, you feel energized the whole year and nothing, whatsoever, can take the smile away from you.

4. Everyone wants to be successful in life. But without knowing what is success, you want o be successful. What is the sign of success? Just having a lot of money is , that success? Why do you think money means success? Because money gives you freedom so that you can do whatever you wants. You may have a big bank balance, but you have stomach-aches, ulcers, you may have to go for bypass surgery, can’t eat this , can’t do this. We spend half of our health to gain wealth and spend half of our wealth to gain back our health. Is this success? It is very bad mathematics.

5. Look at all those who claim to be successful- are they successful? No they are miserable. Then what is the sign of success? Is it confidence, compassion, generosity and a smile that none can snatch away, being really happy and being able to be more free. These are the sign of a successful person.

6. Take some time off to look little deeper into yourself and calm the mind down..Thus, erasing all the impressions that we are carrying in our minds and experience the presence, the divine that is the very core of our existence.

1.1 On the basis of the reading of the passage , write the answer of the following by choosing the best of the given choices:

Question. How do we pollute our environment?
i.) by becoming victims to our environment
ii) by not listening to our indications about ourselves
iii) through our negative thoughts and feelings
iv) by not being in control of our mind

Question. How can we get rid of our negative emotions?
i) by keeping longer the vibrations of bliss
ii) through meditation and using breathing techniques.
iii) by ignoring clouds
iv) by preserving the protons and the neutrons

Question. in para 2 ‘positivity’ has been compared to
i) protons and neutrons
ii) electrons
iii) clouds of ions
iv) atom

Question. We can feel the presence of the divine at the core of our existence if we_______
i) are healthy
ii) take time off
iii) can erase the impressions off our minds
iv) meditate

Question. ‘Sustain’ in para 2 means
i) keep alive
ii) experience
iii) remember
iv) create

Question. ‘Erase’ in para 3 means
i) cover
ii) wipe off
iii) hide
iv) destroy

1.2 Answer the following briefly:

Question. What according to the author is ‘bad mathematics’?
Answer.to spend our health to gain wealth and vice versa

Question. What are the signs of a successful person?
Answer.confidence, compassion , generosity , and happiness.

Question. What can happen if you can calm the mind?
Answer.we can feel the divine presence

Question. What does the author mean by saying ‘positivity’ is in the centre of our existence?
Answer. even though negative emotions surround us we are bliss ful

Find out words from the passage which mean the same as

Question. to make someone feel or look younger and more lively (para3)
Answer. Rejuvenate

Question. edge (para 2)
Answer. Periphery

Short Unseen Passage Class 11 with questions and answers

6. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow:

1. Today, when we pick up a daily newspaper, we invariably find increasing incidences of vandalism, fraud, theft, robbery, child abuse, battered spouses, murders, hate crimes, genocide (now termed as “ethnic cleansing”) along with a multitude of other senseless violent acts that have become disturbingly common. These are not the actions of people who like themselves.

2.The solution to a great many problems, whether personal, national or global, lies in improving our feelings about ourselves both as individuals and members of society. When the significance of good self-esteem is well understood and it achieves the prominence it deserves, a transformation will begin, for as the people will learn they are deserving of self-respect, their respect for others will automatically increase.

3. Most of our behaviour has been shaped by our parents, caregivers and authority figures who played an important part in our early upbringing and were responsible for crystallizing our ideas about ourselves and the world. While everyone has self-esteem, only a small percentage of us have high self-esteem. High self-esteem denotes that we accept ourselves unconditionally exactly as we are; we appreciate our value as a human being. When, on the other hand, we have low self-esteem, we believe that we have little intrinsic worth.

4.We believe our personal value is in direct proportion to the value of our accomplishments. If we cannot accomplish certain results, we tend to feel low about ourselves. Some of us try too hard and become workaholics and over-achievers. With few genuine feelings of self-worth, we try to create some and prove that we are somebody by our successes and achievements. Because our desire for perfection is so great, we tend to set unrealistic goals and place unreasonable demands on ourselves. Failing, rather than encouraging us to have more realistic aspirations, only leads to a mere punishing round of self-blame and a resolve to drive ourselves harder next time. If we do finally achieve our goals we are disappointed; despite everything we have done, we still feel empty inside.

5.Vulnerable to the opinions of others, we desperately try to gain their recognition and approval sometimes through risky and dangerous behaviour. Thus we are at the mercy of our emotions, instead of controlling them, we permit them to control us. Since we allow circumstances to influence our feelings, we are inclined to be moody. The insecurity we feel as a result of devaluing ourselves makes us react with jealousy, envy and possessiveness. Fear makes us greedy and acquisitive, and feelings of self-hate alternate with those of futility, unhappiness and depression.

6. Sound self-esteem is the basis for all self-improvement. As human beings, our potential is limitless, our abilities inexhaustible, and the possibilities for creative and constructive changes are endless. But, we won‟t experience satisfactory progress towards our goals or make any lasting improvements unless we believe we deserve the good we want. Conditions in our lives will improve permanently only when we believe we are entitled to something better. So improving our self-esteem inwardly is the vital ingredient for improving our lives.

A Answer the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option:
Question. These days the newspapers are full of
(a) development news
(b) political news
(c) acts of violence and crimes
(d) educational and employment news

Question. Such acts are done by people
(a) to preserve their honour
(b) because they lack tolerance
(c) who have high self-esteem
(d) who disregard themselves

Question. Good self-esteem is stressed upon because
(a) it is essential for solving many problems
(b) it builds up self-confidence
(c) it increases one‟s reputation
(d) it helps one to respect others

Question. High self-esteem is a remarkable asset as
(a) it makes us worthless in our own eyes
(b) it helps us to believe in our worth
(c) it forces us to be achievers
(d) it brings depression and disappointment

Question. Sound self-esteem ensures success as
(a) one reacts emotionally to problems
(b) one becomes moody and insecure
(c) one taps one‟s latent talents and creative faculties
(d) one makes instant improvements

Question. The word „potential‟ in para 6 means
(a) possible
(b) inability of a person
(c) a liquid with magic powers
(d) hidden power

B Answer the following questions briefly:

Question. What is the importance of good self-esteem?
Answer.Good self esteem is important in solving many problems, such as personal, national or global.

Question. What is remarkable in high self-esteem?
Answer.High self esteem is a remarkable asset as it helps us to accept ourselves unconditionally/ believe in our worth.

Question. What is the result of setting unrealistic goals and unreasonable demands?
Answer.It leads to failure ending up in punishing round of self-blame and a resolve to drive
ourselves harder next time.

Question. How will conditions in our lives improve permanently? 
Answer.When we believe we are entitled to something better, the conditions in our lives will improve permanently.

C Find words in above passage which convey the same meaning as the following:

Question. destruction (para 1)
Answer.vandalism

Question. inherent (para 3)
Answer. intrinsic

English Unseen Passage for Class 11 pdf with answers

7. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow : 

1. A recent news report highlighted the fact that only 48.3% of Indian children in Class I could read the English alphabet, even in big capital letters. The annual education audit by the NGO Pratham showed that Gujarat had the worst record: only 25.3% of Gujarati children could read capital letters in English, and only 8% could read English sentences. To rectify this, and join the globalisation bandwagon, the Gujarat government proposes to teach English in Class I. Other states are making similar moves.

2. Yet this is an error. Global research shows that children should learn reading and writing in their mother tongue First. Only after they can read fluently at a minimum of 45-60 words per minute can they absorb what they are reading. Such fluency is most easily achieved in the mother tongue. Once that is established, learning a second language becomes much easier. 

3. Premature teaching of a second language — like English — can prevent a child from learning to read fast enough in its mother tongue. Early reading and writing is vital : children that cannot do so fluently by Class will likely never catch up with classmates in higher classes.

4. These insights flow from research on the neurological foundations of learning IN ‘Efficient Learning for the Poor : Insights From the Frontier of Cognitive Neuroscience’, educationalist Helen Abadzi shows that human short-term memory works well for up to 12 seconds. So, within 12 seconds, a person should be able to read a sentence (or complete grammatical unit), process its meaning, and classify and file it within his or her mental library (what experts, call “cognitive networks”).

5. In a separate work, Abadzi writes “peop1e must be able to read one word per second, or per 1.5 seconds at the outside, to be functional readers. If they read more slowly than that, they find that they have forgotten the beginning of their sentence by the time they reach the end.” Children struggle to decode letters of a new language. If they cannot read fast enough, then all their mental attention is taken up in decoding the letters, and no attention is left for grasping the meaning of the text.

6. If a child cannot read quickly, it cannot follow what textbooks or teacher are conveying. All schooling can bypass such children. They can spend eight years in school and remain functionally illiterate. This, alas, is common in India.

7. This is not an argument against learning two or three languages. indeed, children under 8 learn new languages most easily. But research shows that proficiency in one language makes it easier to master a second. Learning the first language expands the cognitive networks of a child’s mind, making it easier to grasp the same concepts in a second language.

8. Rich children with Pre-school education enter school with a vocabulary of 3,000 words, but poor children may have a vocabulary of just 500 words So, poor children already struggle to keep up in Class I. Their struggles can become intolerable if they have to learn a second language. 

9. Abadzi recounts an experiment from Zambia. Initially, children were taught both English and the local language from Class I. In an experiment, some schools taught only oral reading in Class I and English writing from Class 2. The results were astounding. Earlier, reading scores of children were on average two grades less than the standard benchmark in English, and three grades lower in the local language. But once English was introduced at a later stage, reading and writing scores shot up 575% above the benchmark in Class I, 2,417% higher in Class 2, and 3,300% higher in Class 3. Scores in the local language showed similar upward leaps. The system was then extended to all schools in Zambia.

10. This holds a lesson for India. English skills are undoubtedly important, and give us a big edge over China. Poor parents are keenly aware that English language skill improves earning ability, and so many have switched their children from government schools to private schools claiming to teach in the English medium.

11. Gujarati parents say, “My child already speaks Gujarati why teach that again in school ? Why not English ?” That logic sounds impeccable, but is mistaken. Once a child has become good in Gujarati, it will more easily become proficient in English. Rather, good Gujarati is a sound foundation for good English.

12. Faced with half-empty classrooms in government schools, some state governments plan to introduce English from Class I to win back‘ students. That would be a serious error.

13. English is important. But even more important is reading and writing in your mother tongue.

Q.1.1 Answer the following questions briefly :

(i) What is the main discovery of the NGO Pratham regarding reading among the Indian students ?
(ii) Why does global research emphasise the teaching of mother tongue first ?
(iii) Why is the fast reading important ?
(iv) How are the rich and the poor children different when they enter Pre-school?
(v) Why do the parents send their children to public schools and not to government schools ?

Q.1.2 Find out the words from the passage which mean the same as the following :

(i) important (Para 3)
(ii) that cannot be tolerated (Para 8)
(iii) ability to do something very well (Para 7)

Class 11 Solved Unseen Passage

8. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow : 

1 Rights and duties are two sides of the same coin. One can’t exist without the other. Duties without rights are mere slavery. Similarly, rights without duties amount to lawlessness. In any civilized society, rights and duties must go side by side.

2 But in today’s world, everybody talks much about his rights. There is a great hue and cry if our rights are infringed. But nobody seems to bother much about his duties. That is why there is great unrest in our present day life. Actually duties come first, and rights afterwards. Many a time one man’s right is another man’s duty and vice versa. For example, every man has the right to have an undisturbed sleep. So it becomes the duty of his neighbour not to tune his radio at too high a pitch. If we want to enjoy our rights we should act in such a way that the rights of others are not trespassed. It can happen only if we take due account of our duties also. In short, rights and duties are complementary things and non-contradictory.

3 There are some basic rights that every citizen must have. These rights are ensured by the Constitution of every country. We may also use the term ‘basic freedom’ for them. For example, does a child have the right to be educated in his/her mother tongue? Some enthusiasts may say “Certainly”. But others may say that while everyone must have a right to education, the government should not be forced to spend money to employ special teachers for the language of every group and community. Take another example. Does every adult have a right to job? Some will say yes. Others will disagree and say that this a privilege, not a right. They say that in these days of population explosion, it is not possible for any government to ensure full employment.

4 There can be disagreement on such controversial issues, but there can be no disagreement on such things as the freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom from want, and freedom from fear. Every nation worth the name must ensure these rights for her citizens.

5 And if the citizens are ensured their rights, they are also expected to perform their duties. The first and foremost of these duties is to obey the laws of the land. They should pay all the taxes due to them. They should not indulge in any illegal or antisocial activity. They should be true patriots and noble sons of their motherland. While it is their right to have social security, it is their duty not to do anything that might endanger the security of their motherland. It is their duty to give their all when the security of the nation is endangered.

6 In short, the rights and duties of a citizen are like two parallel lines of a rail-track. In order that the train of a nation may run smoothly and securely, both the lines must be laid properly. They must go side by side.

(a) Answer the following questions briefly:
i. Why are rights and duties called two sides of the same coin?
ii. Why is there great unrest in our present—day life?
iii. What do you think comes first —rights or duties?
iv. Give one example from the passage to show that one man’s right is another man’s duty.
v. List the different freedoms that every citizen must have

(b) Find words in the passage that mean the same as: (3)
A. Restrict (para 2)
B. Encroached (para 2)
C. To put something open to damage or harm (para 6)

Case based factual Passage for Class 11

9. Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow : 

1) When we are young. we don’t recognize that there will come a time when our limbs will grow weak, our eyesight less keen and our body unable to function as smoothly as before. The state, the society and the family owe a responsibility towards senior citizens.

2) Unfortunately, of late, we have not been able to recognize the concept of respecting, caring and helping older generations in a systematic way as some of the countries in the west have done. This is not suggest that our culture and history do not recognize this phase of life. There have been many practices of caring and helping old people in our system. But, with the dismantling of the joint family system, the problem has assumed newer and complicated proportions. Although we have started recognizing the needs of the young but when it comes to the old we have blissfully chosen to ignore them and have left them to fend for themselves.

3) There are old age homes, residential units for lower income groups in particular districts where there is a part-time medical officer to attend to the inmates. Then there are day-care centers and mobile – Medicare services besides other NGOs (Non-Government Organizations).

4) Old age homes in the country are not only insufficient but are also ill-equipped to cater to old people. This should be the responsibility of the state since it needs close and regular monitoring. The social welfare departments in the Government have very little to boast when it comes to caring for older generation.

5) Society, too, has an important role to play. It must begin by respecting the aged and placing them before anyone else’s interest. In the West, if an old person is climbing down the stairs, he or she is helped. It is this kind of mindset, that is the need of the hour. Offering seats to the old, helping them cross the roads, assisting them carry their bags, fetching them water, etc. are some gestures which increase acceptability of old people. 

6) In the family, senior citizens deserve a better deal. If they are thrown out of the family, the state cannot be blamed. They have given everything to their families and have the right to be recognized as important members. Sending old parents to deposit electricity bills, asking them to fetch children from schools and to guard the house while the rest of the family is away, are some of the many tasks which are thrust upon them. These become nothing short of enslaving the weakest class of people.

7) Old people are not too demanding except in cases where there may be genuine reasons of health or constraints of family environments.

[A] On the basis of your reading of the passage answer the following question by choosing the right option.

i) What is the general attitude of the people of our country towards senior citizens?
[a] of indifference
[b] of love and respect
[c] of hostility
[d] none of the above

ii) What is the role of the society towards old people?
[a] provides job to old people
[b] give pension to old people
[c] take responsibility and extend care
[d] help the old people to cross the road.

[B] Answer the following question.
iii) How do some families ill treat the elderly.
iv) What is the plight of the old age home in the country.
v) What has added to the problems of older generations in Indian school background
vi) How can we help the old once.

(C) Pick out words which means the same.
[i] Limitation (Paragraph 7)
[ii] Indication (Paragraph 5)

Case based Unseen Passage for Class 11

10. Read the passage given below and then answer the questions which follow:-

1) There are times when everyone has to face grief. When someone dear to oneself dies, one is left with a state in which shock and grief overcome the ordinary life. One is left in a situation when one feels there is nothing one can do. Grief and mourning are always associated with death. It also happens with other kinds of losses. It could be the loss of one’s job, losing one’s house and the loss of a close friend or a partner.

2) The best people able to cope with these are those, who come from cultures that have strict, formal and intensive mourning ritual. In India we have diverse rituals which nowadays are being discarded. But these help in surmounting the crisis. The near and dear ones come to share the grief and apply balm with their words of solace. In modern society one is expected to act as if nothing has happened, but research has shown that mourning is an essential part of coming to terms with loss. There comes a time when one has to give up one’s grief and rejoin the main-stream of life. Mourning in itself passes through these phases. Firstly, it is in the nature of shock and disbelief. A feeling of numbness overtakes. The brain is not in a position to accept. It so happens that one expects the arrival of a lost one thinking that nothing will change and he will be with the lost one. In the second phase, one realises the truth that the loss has actually happened, and it was not a dream. It is now that one feels the pain. Now one recollects the old moments and the memory of guilt creeps in.

3) Here the affected person displays odd behaviour and has difficulty in eating and is unable to sleep. He may remain in this stage for weeks, months and sometimes for years. In the next phase, relief from pain and negative feelings creeps in, This leads to the positive side. Now he feels he must make alternative arrangements or replacements. Here he is ready to cope with the situation. Here he knows that he cannot recover what he or she has lost, but is conscious of the future accepting the loss and is ready for the alternative.

4) On passing through all the stages of grief it seems that time has passed like a river under the bridge. This shows that mourning has been successful. He cannot forget the loss but comes to terms with reality.

5) Grieve with the person who is bereaved. This shows that you too value the mourned person. This gives a helping support and the bereaved person starts believing you. Your support to the bereaved should not stop after a few days. It may be needed for months. Assure the affected person that the feelings of grief diminish and it will not be the same always.

6) You will see, there comes a time when he has to be distracted from grief. Take him out for an outing, especially away from the current situation. If he agrees, take the opportunity and let him join the leisurely ventures.

7) It is, therefore, the duty of close relatives and friends to take the bereaved out of the depressing climate and give a fresh air of life and happy thoughts.

1.1. Answer the following multiple choice question.

(i) In the last phase of grief:
(a) There is a relief from pain and negative feelings.
(b) There is still pain and grief
(c) The person is ready to cope with the situation , ready to face reality
(d) Both (a) and (c)

(ii) One must grieve with the person who is bereaved to show:
(a) That you too value mourned person
(b) To distract him/her
(c) You understand what your duty is
(d) You are his/her will-wisher

(iii) The person from grief displays?
(a) Sleeplessness
(b) Enjoys eating
(c) Difficulty in eating
(d) Both (a) and (c)

(iv) On passing through all the stages of grie:
(a) Time passes smoothly
(b) Time passes with difficulty
(c) Problems increase with time
(d) All of the above

(v) The duty of close relatives and friends is to:
(a) Help the bereaved financially
(b) To take the bereaved into difficulty
(c) To take the bereaved out of difficulty
(d) To mourn with the bereaved

1.2. Answer the following questions:
(1) What are grief and mourning associated with?
(ii) What type of people are able to cope up best with grief and mourning?
(iii) Briefly explain the first phase of mourning.
(iv) How can close relative and friends help a bereaved person in coming out of his grief?

1.3. Which words in the passage mean the same as the following:
(i) Overcome (para 2)
(ii) Shows (para 3)
(iii) A short enjoyable trip (para 6)

Comprehension Passages for Class 11

11. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow

1. It was a great shock to me to discover that I had motor neuron disease. I had never been very well coordinate physically as a child, I was not good at ball games, and my handwriting was the despair of the teachers. Maybe for this reason, I didn’t care much for sport or physical activities. But things seemed to change when I went to Oxford, at the age of 17, I took up coxing and rowing. I was not Boat Race standard, but I got by the level of inter-college competition.

2. In my third year at Oxford, however, I noticed that I seemed to be getting more clumsy and I fell over once or twice for no apparent reason. But it was not until I was at Cambridge, in the following year, that my father noticed, and took me to the family doctor. He referred to me a specialist, and shortly after my 21st birthday, I went into hospital for tests. Although, there was a cloud hanging over my future. I found, to my surprise, that I was enjoying life in the present more than before. I began to make progress with my research, and I got engaged to a girl called Jane Wilde, whom I had met just about the time my condition was diagnosed. That engagement changed my life. It gave me something to live for. But it also meant that I had to get a job if we were to get married. I, therefore, applied for a research fellowship at Gonville and Cains College, Cambridge. To my great surprise, I got a fellowship up to 1974. I was able to feed myself and get in and out of bed. This lasted until I caught pneumonia in 1985. I had to have a tracheotomy operation.

3. Before the operation, my speech had been getting more slurred, so that only few people who knew me well, could understand me. But at least I could communicate. I wrote scientific papers by dictating to a secretary and I gave seminars through an interpreter, who repeated my words more clearly. However, the tracheotomy operation removed my ability to speak altogether. For a time, the only way I could communicate was to spell out words letter by letter, by raising my eyebrows when someone pointed to the right letter on a spelling card. It is pretty difficult to carry on a conversation like that, let alone write a scientific paper. However, a computer expert in California, called Walt Walpos, heard of my plight. He sent me a computer program he had written, called Equalizer. This allowed me to select words from a series of menus on the screen: by pressing a switch in my hand. The program could also be controlled by a switch operated by head or eye movement. When I have built up what I want to say, I can send it to a speech synthesizer. At first, i just ran to the Equilizer program on a Desktop computer.

4. However, David Manson of Cambridge adaptive communication, fitted a small portable computer and a speech synthesizer to my wheel chair. This system allowed me to communicate much better than I could before. I can, manage up to 15 words a minute. I can either speak what I have written, or save it to disc. I can then print it out, or call it back and speak it sentence by sentence. Using this system I have written a book, and dozen of scientific papers. ‘I have also given many scientific and popular talks. They have all been well received. I think that is in a large part due to the quality of the speech synthesizer which is made by Speech Plus . One’s voice is very important. If you have a slurred voice, people are likely to treat you as mentally deficient.’ This synthesizer is by far the best I have heard, because it varies the intonation and does not speak like a dalek. The only trouble is that it gives me an American accent. 5. I have had motor neuron disease for practically all my adult life. Yet it has not prevented me from having a very attractive family, and being successful in my work. This is thanks to the help i have received from Jane, my children and a large number of other people and organisations. I have been lucky that my condition has progressed more slowly than is often the case. But it shows that one need not lose hope.

Answer the following questions choosing the most appropriate options.

1. The narrator does not seem to be much interested in sports/ physical activitiesa)
   a) He didn’t have a good handwriting
   b) He avoided company of others
   c) He was more interested in academics
   d) He had not been very well coordinated physically as a child.
2. At the age of 17, at Oxford he took up
   a) Swimming and diving
   b) Skating and surfing
   c) Cycling and horse riding
   d) Coxing and rowing.
3. Speech synthesizer helped the narrator
   a) In communicating better than before
   b) In singing better
   c) In playing video games
   d) In making calculations better
4. Tracheotomy operationa)
   a) Helped the narrator in speaking better
   b) Improved his diction
   c) Removed his ability to speak altogether
   d) Made him speak with a slur
5. Pick out a word/ words from the passage having the same meaning as ‘hopelessness’ (para 1)
   a) Sadness
   b) Disappointment
   c) Despair
   d) Dejection
6. .Pick out a word/ words from the passage having the same meaning as ‘completely’ (para 3)
   a) Un partially
   b) Fully
   c) As a whole
   d) Altogether

Answer the following questions briefly

7) What gave Stephen Hawking a great shock?
8) Which symptoms of the disease were obvious during the early period of his life?
9) What was the major side effect of tracheotomy operation? How did he try to overcome it?
10) What is an Equalizer? How did it help Stephen Hawking?
11) Find out a word from the passage having opposite meaning to the following ‘distinct/ clear’ (para 3)
12) Find out a word from the passage having opposite meaning to the following ‘poor
condition/ state’.(para 3)

Case based factual Passage for Class 11

12. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow

1. It’s the quality, not the quantity that counts. What has happened to the art of conversation? By conversation, I do not mean mere word exchanges between individuals. I am thinking, rather of the ability to convey images from one mind to another; the ability to build a mutual edifice of ideas, in short, the ability to engage in a civilizing experience.

2. But where does one find good conversation these days? Certainly not in the presence of television set. No matter how rewarding ‘bridge talk’ may be, it is not conversation. Neither it is chatter.

3. What makes good conversation? In the first place, it is essentially a mutual search for the essence of things. It is a lively exchange of ideas, not a briefing or lecture. The Russian poet Alexander Pushkin correctly identified the willingness to listen as one of the vital ingredients of any exchange. When two people are talking at the same time, it is not conversation -it is collision.

4. Nothing is more destructive to good talk than for one participant to hold the ball too long, like an over-zealous football dribbler playing to the crowd. Pity the husband or wife with a garrulous mate who insists on talking long past the point where he or she has anything to say. To be meaningful, a conversation should head in a general direction. It need not be artfully plotted but it should be gracefully kept on course, guided by unforeseen ideas.

5. It has been said that if speech is silver, silence is golden. Certainly silence is preferable, under most circumstances, to inconsequential chit-chat. Why, then, are so many people discomfited by the absence of human sound waves? Why are they not willing merely to sit with each other, silently enjoying the unheard, but real linkages, of congeniality and understanding? Made conversations should not be a necessity among intimates. If there is nothing to say- don’t say it.

6. It is true that strangers meeting for the first time seem to feel uncomfortable if they do not engage in small talk. Usually this is harmless and even necessary if strangers are to size each other up. But, small talk aside, what are some elementary rules for general conversation? In the first place, certain subjects should be taboo. Kitchen topics, the best cleansers, business, bus time-tables and other dull or specialized things should be barred from general discussion. Next, let us remember that our illnesses and operations are not something to be offered to friends at conversation time.

7. Then there is the conversationalist who must under every circumstance be right, one who always has to win the game. And there are those of us who want to moralise. Let’s not. Conversation need not always be purposeful, but it must at least be for pleasure. It must be congenial, aiming for example, at knowing better one’s conversation partner. Above all, it should be joyful and amiable, for, as the essayist Joseph Addison put it, ‘Good nature is more agreeable in conversation than wit’.

8. I do not object to enforced conversation, say by the hostess who interrupts an afterdinner group with, ‘We simply must hear about John’s trip to Africa.’ I am less tolerant, however of those who halt a good conversation with a flat, ‘Come now, let’s stop all this serious talk.’ A good conversation is a fragile thing that must be nurtured carefully.

1.1 Read the questions given below and write the option you consider the most appropriate in your answer sheet:

a) What does conversation mean?
(i) Exchange of words between individuals
(ii) Exchange of ideas between individuals
(iii) The ability to convey images from one mind to another
(iv) None of the above

b) The essential features of a good conversation does not include 1
(i) mutual understanding
(ii) lively exchange of ideas
(iii) giving lectures
(iv) ability to convey images in each other’s mind.

c) The elementary rules of general conversation include
(i) kitchen topics, the best cleansers, business talk
(ii) illnesses and operations
(iii) deep silence
(iv) it must be at least for pleasure if not for purpose

d) A good conversation is fragile and must be nurtured
i) carelessly
ii) silently
iii) carefully
iv) hastily

e) According to Pushkin, one of the important aspects of any exchange is ;
i) the ability to talk fluently
ii) the willingness to listen
iii) the ability to moralize
iv) the ability to be witty

f) Which of the following words in para 4 is the synonym of talkative?
i) unforeseen
ii) over-zealous
iii) garrulous
iv)dribbler

1.2 Answer the following questions very briefly.
a) What is the difference between ‘conversation’ and ‘collision’ as per the passage?
b) What is the first fundamental rule for general conversation?
c) What action does the author not tolerate about conversations?
d) Who is compared to an over-zealous football dribbler?

1.3 Find words in above passage which convey the same meaning as the following:
a) To make somebody feel confused or embarrassed (para 5)
b) Delicate and easily damaged or harmed (para 8)

Unseen Passage for Class 11

13. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow

1. Valentin Hauy (1745-1822) was a French professor of calligraphy. One cold day, he was going through a street in Paris when he saw a blind beggar. Hauy was a very kind-hearted person. He at once put his hand into his pocket and took out a coin. He put that coin on the blind beggar’s palm. But, as he turned to go, the beggar called out : “Sir, Sir! I think you’ve made a mistake. You have given me a franc instead of a sou.”

2 “How did you Know I had given you a franc ?” asked Hauy in surprise.

3 “Oh !” replied the beggar. “That is quite simple. If I pass my finger over a coin I can at once tell what it is”.

4. Hauy allowed the beggar to keep the franc although it was a great deal of money in those days. But as he walked back home, he thought to himself :

5. “If a blind man can know a coin by the mere touch of his finger, why shouldn’t he be able to know the different marks or letters of an alphabet?”

6. This thought, inspired Hauy to develop a system of reading for the blind. He printed normal letters in relief that could be felt by a touch of the finger. He also started a school for blind children and prepared for them special books with embossed letters. Hauy’s experiment was a great success and he came to be known as the ‘father and apostle of the blind’.

7 Hauy’s system of reading for the blind was very useful. But it was quite difficult to learn. Moreover, It was only a reading system. There was no way for the blind to write in this system. In 1819, a ten-year-old blind boy named Louis Braille entered Hauy’s school. He was an intelligent student and quickly learnt to read with the help of embossed letters. But he soon realised the disadvantages in Hauy’s system. He made up his mind to develop an easier method of reading and writing for the blind. And in 1824, when he was only 15, Braille invented a system of writing which has been accepted all over the world. He was yet a student in Hauy’s school. This school is now known as the National Institute for Blind Children. It is supported by the French government.

2.1 Choose the correct option to answer each question.

1. What were the disadvantages in Hauys system?
   (a) It was difficult to learn.
   (b) It was only a reading system
   (c) There was no way for the blind to write in this system
   (d) All the above.
2. How old was Louis Braille when he invented a system of reading and
   writing for the blind ?
   (a) He was ten years old.
   (b) He was fifteen.
   (c) He was twenty-five.
   (d) He was thirty years old.
3. What did Hauy allow the beggar to do ?
   (a) He allowed him to pass his finger over the coin.
   (b) He allowed him to go back home with him.
   (c) He allowed him to keep the coin he had given him.
   (d) He allowed him to touch his finger.
4. What inspired Hauy to develop a reading system for the blind?
   (a) The idea that he could help the blind to see.
   (b) The idea that the blind could know the letters of an alphabet through
   touch.
   (c) The idea that he could help Louis Braille in developing a writing
   system for the blind.
   (d) The idea that he should start a school for blind children.
5. Who came to be known as the ‘father and apostle of the blind’ ?
   (a) Valentin Hauy.
   (b) Louis Braille.
   (c) Both (a) and (b) above
   (d) Neither (a) nor (b) above.
6. Braille’s system was better than Hauy’s system because –
   (a) Hauy’s system was only a writing system.
   (b) Hauy’s system was only a French system.
   (c) Braille’s system was a good reading systems
   (d) Braille’s system was both a reading and writing system.

2.2 Answer each question briefly

7. How did the beggar know it was a franc, not a sou?
8. What was it that surprised Hauy ?
9. What did Hauy do for the blind?
10. What did Hauy come to be known as?
11. Find from the passage a word opposite to ‘failure’.
12. ‘He printed letters in relief ’. What does the word ‘relief ’ mean here?

Discursive Passage for Class 11

14. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow

1. Spare the rod, but in its place, insist on an undertaking of a child’s good behaviour from the parents. This is what private schools in Kerala are now doing. The institutions are asking parents to put their signature on a code of good conduct which promises that their children will maintain discipline in school. This is the school’s attempt at keeping order at a time when caning and other forms of physical punishment have been banned by the Centre.

2. “We are making parents sign a code of good behaviour. It is an alternative to corporal punishment. Children have to abide by the rules set by schools till the time they are in uniform. It acts as a deterrent, as parents play an important role in the education of their children by supporting the school staff in maintaining a good learning environment for all students,” says T. P. M. Ibrahim Khan, President of the Kerala CBSE School Management Association.

3. The ministry of women and child development issued guidelines banning physical punishment of students in 2010. A first violation could lead up to one year in jail or a fine of Rs. 50000 or both. For subsequent violations, imprisonment could extend to three years with an additional fine of Rs 25000. The ministry guidelines put the onus of preventing corporal punishment on the heads of schools. Teachers found guilty of imposing physical penalties could be denied promotion and increments. But there is no statutory definition of corporal punishment. The Right to Education Act, 2009, merely states:”No child shall be subjected to physical punishment or mental harassment.”

4. “School is a place where the transformation of a child takes place and the grooming of children is the joint effort of the school and parents. Also, parents are now keenly interested in their children’s development and behaviour. It helps both parties and children benefit,” says N.M. George, Principal of Toc H Public School in Ernakulam.

5. Parents are made to sign the bond either at the time of their ward joining school or every year at the annual parent-teacher meet or during open house. In it, they are asked to ensure that their children don’t disrupt school or violate its rules. They have to promise that their children will not damage or steal school property, assault fellow students, rise up in insubordination, indulge in any disgraceful act, use obscene language or possess dangerous weapon, tobacco, narcotic drugs and alcohol. The students must stick to a proper dress code in school and are prohibited from using cell phones inside the institution or in school buses. 6. Repeated violations of the code by children may lead to immediate suspension, expulsion or permanent exclusion from the school. “This document comes in handy if the school authorities have to take harsh steps against a student for misbehaving in school.” says K Unnikrishnan, President of the Confederation of Kerala Sahodaya Complexes. A Sahodaya school complex is a group of neighbourhood CBSE schools that share innovative education practices.

7. Psychiatrists, though, do not endorse the idea and believe that both corporal punishment and getting parents to endorse a code of good conduct are signs of laziness. They say these are shortcuts that schools adopt instead of identifying a child’s real problem and working to correct it. “Discipline is a dedicated and committed mission and it should be the joint effort of the teacher and parent. By putting the onus on parents for their child breaking rules, schools are indulging in blame-games.” says Dr. C.J. John, a psychiatrist.

8. Though corporal punishment is banned in schools, it usually exists in one form or the other. The Kerala government has in the past issued a circular banning corporal punishment using class representatives and monitors.

9. Making it clear that no class should remain without a teacher, the state has asked schools to stop “the system of using monitors and leaders for preparing the list of students and punishing them in the absence of a teacher in the class.”

10. “We want to ensure that schools don’t indulge in corporal punishment in any form and therefore issued the circular,” says the Director of Public Instruction, A Shahjahan.

(I) On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer the following questions by choosing the correct option.

(i) What are the private schools of Kerala now doing to maintain discipline?
(a) They are giving corporal punishment to the children.
(b) They are making them stand outside the classroom.
(c) The institutions are asking parents to sign a code of good conduct or
behaviour of the child.
(d) They are rewarding the children for their good behaviour.

(ii) How do parents play an important role in the education of their children?
(a) By supporting the staff in maintaining a good learning environment for all students.
(b) By taking their children to picnic and outings.
(c) By giving them friendly support.
(d) By giving their wards required punishment.

(iii) The violation of the guidelines issued by the Ministry of Women and Child Development includes the punishment of
(a) One year in jail or a fine of Rs. 50000 or both.
(b) Six months of jail with a fine of Rs. 50000.
(c) Three years of jail with a fine of Rs. 50000.
(d) No punishment is given.

(iv) The bond which parents sign with school includes which of the following?
(a) The child will indulge in no disgraceful act.
(b) The child will not possess a cell phone.
(c) The child will give an application for absence due to illness.
(d) All of the above

(v) The circular that the Kerala Government has issued in the past includes that
(a) Corporal punishment should be given.
(b) The system of using monitors and leaders for preparing the list of students and punishing them in the absence of a teacher should be followed.
(c) No class should remain without a teacher.
(d) All of the above

(vi) Which of the following is supported by psychiatrists?
(a) Schools should not indulge in blame-games.
(b) Asking parents to sign a bond of their children’s good conduct is a sign of
the schools not doing their job.
(c) Corporal punishment is adopted as a shortcut method by work-shy
teachers for correcting problems of children
(d) All of the above

(II) On the basis of your reading of the passage, answer the following questions briefly.
(i) What is the role of the school, as per the Principal of Toc H Public School?
(ii) What new system is employed by schools in Kerala to circumvent the ban order on corporal punishment from the Centre?
(iii) What synonym of the word ‘break’ is used in para 5 ?
(iv) What antonym of the word ‘preservation’ is used in para 4 ?
(v) What synonym of the word ‘physical’ is used in para 2 ?
(vi) What synonym of the word ‘lethargy’ is used in para 7 ?

Unseen Passage with questions and answers for Class 11

15. Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions that follow

1. The Food Bill is still in the works but has provoked a furious debate on the lack of grain storage facilities, rotting of grains and whether they should be distributed free to the hungry masses. Waking up to the fact that no food security programme can be effective without proper storage, the government is planning to upgrade existing warehousing facilities and also adding new ones. However, between food security and large-scale storage, there’s a missing link that needs to be taken note of: storage at the farm level. No one can deny the importance of decentralized storage; at least 25-30 per cent grains in the country are stored at farm level.

2. However it is not as if there hasn’t been enough thrust on this issue: there are State Institutes to look into the storage problems.

3. Yet, policy-wise we did have a sound start: the Save Grain Campaign, which was initiated 43 years ago, was supposed to do what we are floundering now. Through this campaign the Centre was to initiate and train states in warehousing and storage of grains. The Centre wanted the States to take it up on a large scale but the latter did not want any ‘added responsibility’. Finding no takers, the campaign was withdrawn in 2008.

4. “Around 15- 20 per cent food grain loses occur in large storage godowns. Along with investment in large storage capacities, we must encourage farm- level storage. This can be in the form of refining and improving the local indigenous storage technologies and providing technical and financial support at that level,” says M.B Chetti, Dean, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka.

5. He and many experts like him suggest that if we want to leapfrog in storage capacity at the farm-level (since setting u·p large storages is time consuming and expensive), new technologies like vacuum packing could be the answer. They assure quality as well as a chance to store grains almost any where and that it could be done in villages by trained persons.

6. “Alternatively, we have to go for cold storage facilities for food grains, which is very costly since it involves electricity supply,” says Chetti. Instead, vacuum packing, says experts, helps preserve grains and seeds for long periods without any deterioration in quality. In fact, an experiment was carried out in the university on the usefulness of the packaging system (using chilli) and the results were satisfactory. The available technology offers a seven-packaging to preserve quality for long periods of time and once sealed, climatic condition changes have no effect on it. Elimination of oxygen from the pack helps in extending shelf life.

7. “At present only three-layer plastic films are manufactured in India. The seven-layered film needs to be imported. But the import duty is high,” Says Mohan Bajikar, of course, such technologies are expensive, but then delivering to the hungry is not enough- quality must be ensured.

8. Food policy analyst Devinder Sharma, however says expensive solutions like silos and warehousing are not the answer to procurement and storage problems. Instead, he says,”local production, local procurement and local distribution” is the answer, something like what Chattisgarh has been doing. It procures paddy directly from farmers, buying it through cooperative societies and procurement centres at the village level. To store, he adds, the government can add a small godown next to each panchayat office.

9. Whichever way we look at it, decentralized storage cannot be left out of the loop if we want to ensure food security and reduce stock losses.

Read the questions given below and write the appropriate option in your answer sheet.

1. The necessity of proper storage has been realized because ……………..
   (a) There is lack of food grain storage facilities
   (b) Grain is lying in the open and rotting
   (c) No food security is possible without it
   (d) Masses are hungry and without grain
2. Decentralised storage stress upon ………….
   (a) storage at farm level
   (b) storage at block level
   (c) storage at district level
   (d) storage at state level

3. The save grain campaign was withdrawn after 43 years because …..
   (a) the centre did not spare funds
   (b) proper training in warehousing was lacking
   (c) the states did not show any interest
   (d) the states did not want any added Responsibility
4. The most co-effective solution for storage of grain is ……………
   (a) Cold storage facilities
   (b) decentralized storage
   (c) setting up large warehouses
   (d) vacuum packaging
5. Experts reject silos and warehousing because …………….
   (a) these are very costly solutions
   (b) local storage and distribution is more effective
   (c) these are inadequate for storage
   (d) these failto reduce stock losses

6. Why was save green campaign withdrawn after 43 years?
7. How are new technologies like vacuum packaging more successful in storing?
8. Find the word similar to the meaning of ‘native’? (para 4)

2. The following passage has not been edited. There is an error in each of the given lines. Write the incorrect word and the correction in your answer sheet against the correct number. Remember to underline the word you have supplied.

Incorrect correct
Today there are a lot of talk a) ……………..
of the environment. All nations are b) ……………..
coming to an agreement for save the planet c)…………….
earth. Like we pollutes the earth d) ……………..
we pollute this water. We have e) ……………..
become a victim by our environment f) ……………..
we are not in control of the mind. g) ……………..
We heard a lot about other things in life. h) ……………..

3. In the following passage one word is omitted in each line. Write the missingword against the question number with the word that precedes and follows it. Underline the word that forms your answer.

The driving force behind leader’s a)………
actions and behavior is instinct. b)………
It guides silently, telling what to do, c) ………… …
which way to go and how develop d) ······.
skills that enable him to overcome e)……..
challenge life proposes. Abraham f) …………….
Lincoln failed in almost all endeavours g) ……………
through out his life. And his instinct urged h) . . …………

Students can find different types of unseen passage class 11 CBSE board exam preparation. At the end of every passage, we have also provided you with answers to the unseen passage for class 11 given above.

So, first, solve the above-unseen passage for class 11 and compare your answer with their original answer in this way you can boost your performance. Now, You can easily obtain higher marks in the unseen passage for class 11.

If you take too much time in solving the unseen passage for class 11 take a clock to focus on how much time you are spending. By doing this, you can easily manage your time to solve the unseen passage for Class 11. You can also visit the unseen passage for class 11 in Hindi.

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Frequently Asked Questions-Unseen Passage for class 11(FAQ)