Active and Passive Voice Rules English Grammar
Students should refer to the following Active Passive Voice Rules of English Grammar. These rules have been designed by expert English teachers to help students appearing in English Exams in schools or competitive examinations. You should remember the following Active Passive Voice Rules so that you can use them correctly and score good marks in examinations. You should refer to all Rules of English Grammar provided by us to strengthen your understanding.
Active and Passive Voice Rules English Grammar
Active to Passive voice conversion – Simple Present Tense
| Active Voice | Passive Voice (Auxiliary Verb – is/am/are) | Examples |
| Subject + V1+s/es+ object | Object+ is/am/are+ V3+ by + subject | Active: He reads a Book. Passive: A Book is read by him Active: He teaches me. Passive: I am taught by him. |
| Subject + Do/does+ not + V1 + Object | Object + is/am/are+ not + V3+ by Subject | Active: He does not prepare food. Passive: Food is not prepared by him. |
| Does+ Subject+ V1+Object+? | Is/am/are + Object+ V3+ by subject +? | Active: Does he sell toys ? Passive: Are toys sold by him? |
Active to Passive voice conversion – Present Continous Tense
| Active Voice | Passive Voice (Auxiliary Verb is/ am/are + being) | Examples |
| Subject + is/am/are+ V1+ ing + object | Object+ is/am/are+ being+ V3+ by + subject | Active: Rahul is playing a flute. Passive: A flute is being played by Rahul. Active: They are serving vegetables. Passive: Vegetables are being served by them. |
| Subject + is/am/are+ not+ V1+ ing+ obj | Object + is/am/are+ not + being+V3+ by Subject | Active: Sonu is not washing vegetables. Passive: Vegetables are not being washed by Sonu. |
| Is/am/are+ subject+V1+ing + object+? | Is/am/are + Object+ V3+ by subject +? | Active: Is Mahesh buying a chair? Passive: Is a chair being bought by Mahesh? |
Active to Passive voice conversion – Present Perfect Tense
| Active Voice | Passive Voice (Auxiliary Verbhas/ have +been) | Examples |
| Subject + has/have+ V3+ object | Object+ has/have+ been+ V3+ by + subject | Active: Monu has finished the project. Passive: The Project has been finished by Monu. |
| Subject + has/have+ not+ V3+ object | Object + has/have+ not + been+V3+ by Subject | Active: Surender has not brought the Book. Passive: The Book has not been brought by Surender. |
| Has/have+subject+ V3 + object+? | Has/Have + Object+been+V3+ by subject +? | Active: Have they completed the task? Passive: Has the task been completed by them? |
Active to Passive voice conversion – Simple Past Tense
| Active Voice | Passive Voice (Auxiliary Verbwas/ were) | Examples |
| Subject + V2+ object | Object+ was/were V3+ by + subject | Active: Ram bought a Car. Passive: A Car was bought by Ram |
| Subject +did+ not+V1+ object | Object + was/were+ not +V3+ by Subject | Active: He did not steal jewellery. Passive: Jwellery was not stolen by him |
| Did+ subject+V1+ object+? | Was/were + Object+ V3+ by subject +? | Active: Did he kill Sita ? Passive: Was Sita killed by him ? |
Active to Passive voice conversion – Past Continuous Tense
| Active Voice | Passive Voice (Auxiliary Verbwas/ were + being) | Example |
| Subject + was/were + V1+ing+ object. | Object+ was/were +being+V3+ by + subject | Active: Nikki was cleaning the Room. Passive: The Room was being cleaned by Nikki. |
| Subject +was/were+ not+V1+ing + object | Object + was/were+ not +being+V3+ by Subject | Active: Hritik was not watching film. Passive: Film was not being watched by Hritik. |
| Was/were+ Subject + V1+ing + object+? | Was/were + Object+ being+v3+ by+ subject+? | Active: Were you singing the song? Passive: Was the song being sung by you? |
Active to Passive voice conversion – Past Perfect Tense
| Active Voice | Passive Voice (Auxiliary Verbhad +been) | Example |
| Subject + had + V3+ object. | Object+ had+been +V3+ by + subject | Active: Suresh had cleaned the Bathroom. Passive: The Bathroom had been cleaned by Suresh. |
| Subject +had+ not+V3+ object | Object + had+ not +been+V3+ by Subject | Active: Riddhi had not received the Letter. Passive: The Letter had not been received by Riddhi. |
| Had+ Subject + V3+ object+? | Had + Object+ been+v3+ by+ subject+? | Active: Had they sanitised the Campus? Passive: Had the campus been sanitised by them? |
Active to Passive voice conversion – Future Simple Tense
| Active Voice | Passive Voice (Auxiliary Verb will+ be) | Example |
| Subject + will+ V1+ object. | Object+ will+ be +V3+ by + subject | Active: Pankaj will post the letter. Passive: The letter will be posted by Pankaj. |
| Subject +will + not+ V1+object | Object + will+ not +be+V3+ by Subject | Active: Police will not arrest the Politician. Passive: The Politician will not be arrested by Police. |
| Will+ Subject + V1+ object+? | Will + Object+ be +V3+ by+ subject+? | Active: Will you attend the Classes? Passive: Will the Classes be attended by you? |
Active to Passive voice conversion – Future Perfect Tense
| Active Voice | Passive Voice | Examples |
| Subject + will+ have +V3+ object. | Object+ will+ have+ been +V3+ by + subject | Active: The Judge will have given the verdict. Passive: The Verdict will have been given by the Judge. |
| Subject + will+ not+ have + V3+ object. | Object + will+ not +have + been +V3+ subject | Active: Ram will not have passed the examination. Passive: The Examination will not have been passed by Ram. |
| Will+ Subject+ have+ V3+ object+? | Will + object + have +been +V3 +by +subject+? | Active: Will she have learned the the piano. Passive: Will the piano have been learned by her? |
There is no Passive Voice formation for these tenses-
1.) Present Perfect Continuous Tense
2.) Past Perfect Continuous Tense
3.) Future Perfect Continuous Tense
4.) Future Continuous Tense
