Please refer to Life Processes Class 10 Science Important Questions with answers below. These solved questions for Chapter 6 Life Processes in NCERT Book for Class 10 Science have been prepared based on the latest syllabus and examination guidelines issued by CBSE, NCERT, and KVS. Students should learn these solved problems properly as these will help them to get better marks in your class tests and examinations. You will also be able to understand how to write answers properly. Revise these questions and answers regularly. We have provided Notes for Class 10 Science for all chapters in your textbooks.

Important Questions Class 10 Science Chapter 6 Life Processes

All Life Processes Class 10 Science Important Questions provided below have been prepared by expert teachers of Standard 10 Science. Please learn them and let us know if you have any questions.

Question. Which of the following options describes the characteristics of a living being? 
(a) Nutrition
(b) Respiration
(c) Excretion
(d) All of these

Question. Which of these is not required for photosynthesis? 
(a) Sunlight
(b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Oxygen
(d) Water

Question. Amoeba captures food with the help of 
(a) teeth
(b) cilia
(c) pseudopodia
(d) tentacles

Question. The largest gland associated with the human alimentary canal is 
(a) stomach
(b) liver
(c) pancreas
(d) small intestine

Question. The mode of nutrition in green plants is 
(a) autotrophic
(b) holozoic
(c) heterotrophic
(d) saprophytic

Question. In humans the process of digestion begins in the   
(a) oesophagus
(b) mouth
(c) stomach
(d) pharynx

Question. The energy-rich compound produced during respiration is 
(a) ATP  
(b) ADP
(c) pyruvate
(d) AMP

Question. The final product of glycolysis is   
(a) lactic acid
(b) glucose
(c) ethanol
(d) pyruvate

Question. The series of reactions resulting in the oxidation of glucose leading to the formation of pyruvate is called 
(a) fermentation
(b) glycolysis
(c) aerobic respiration
(d) anaerobic respiration

Question. The common stage between aerobic and anaerobic respiration is called   
(a) oxidation
(b) reduction
(c) photosynthesis
(d) glycolysis

Question. Aerobic respiration takes place in the   
(a) nucleus
(b) cytoplasm
(c) mitochondria
(d) vacuole

Question. Which of the following acids is the end product of fermentation? 
(a) Hydrochloric acid
(b) Lactic acid
(c) Pyruvic acid
(d) Citric acid

Question. Gaseous exchange in plants takes place through the   
(a) stomata
(b) gills
(c) lungs
(d) alveoli

Question. Gaseous exchange in fish takes place through the 
(a) trachea
(b) lungs
(c) gills
(d) alveoli

Question. In plants, the transportation of food materials is carried out by   
(a) xylem
(b) phloem
(c) root hair
(d) palisade cells

Question. In plants, water and minerals are transported by   
(a) xylem
(b) phloem
(c) leaves
(d) lenticels

Question. The capillaries join to form   
(a) arterioles
(b) arteries
(c) veins
(d) venules

Question. What is blood pressure?   
(a) The pressure of blood on the heart muscles
(b) The pressure of flow of blood exerted on the walls of arteries and veins
(c) The pressure of blood on the walls of veins only
(d) The pressure of blood on thewalls of arteries only

Question. Which of the following blood vessels have thick, elastic walls? 
(a) Veins
(b) Capillaries
(c) Arteries
(d) All of these

Question. Which of the following animals has a single circulation system? 
(a) Frog
(b) Bird
(c) Crocodile
(d) Fish

Question. Which of the following is not a part of a nephron?   
(a) Henle’s loop
(b) Proximal convoluted tubule
(c) Distal convoluted tubule
(d) Cortex

Question. Which statement is correct about a human kidney? 
(a) It is cylindrical.
(b) It is bean-shaped.
(c) It has 1000 nephrons.
(d) It has two ureters.

Question. In the glomerulus of a kidney,   
(a) the afferent glomerular capillaries are wider than the efferent glomerular capillaries
(b) the afferent glomerular capillaries are narrower than the efferent glomerular capillaries
(c) the afferent glomerular arteriole is narrower than the efferent glomerular arteriole
(d) the afferent glomerular arteriole is wider than the efferent glomerular arteriole

Question. The network of capillaries in a nephron is   
(a) the Malpighian corpuscle
(b) Bowman’s capsule
(c) the glomerulus
(d) none of these

Question. Uraemia is a condition developed when   
(a) a large amount of water is lost in urine
(b) there is an increase in urea concentration in blood
(c) the urine output is decreased
(d) the blood pressure in the afferent arteriole decreases

Question. Which of the following substances is/are completely reabsorbed from the filtrate in the renal tubule under normal conditions?   
(a) Uric acid
(b) Glucose
(c) Salts and water
(d) Urea

Very Short Answer Questions

Question. Which pathway is common to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration? 
Answer : Glycolysis.

Question. What would be the consequences of deficiency of haemoglobin in our bodies? 
Answer : Anaemia.

Question. How does nutrition in a fungus different from that in a tapeworm? 
Answer : Fungus derives its nutrition either by parasitic or saprophytic manner while tapeworm is only parasitic.

Question. Name mode of nutrition in the following organisms:
(a) Fungi (b) Amoeba
Answer : 
a. Fungi – saprophytic
b. Amoeba — animal like nutrition

Question. How does nutrition take place in Amoeba? How is it different in Paramoecium? 
Answer : Nutrition in amoeba: It occurs through phagocytosis.
It capture food by pseudopodia (ingestion) ingested food, enclosed in cell membrane is called food vacuole.
The food is broken with enzymes present in cytoplasm and undigested food ‘is thrown out through cell membrane.
Nutrition in Paramoecium: The cell has a definite shape and food is taken in at a specific spot. Food is moved to this spot by the movement of cilia present on the entire surface of the cell.

Question. Discuss how the roles of vena cava and pulmonary veins different from each other?
Answer : Pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from lungs to left auricle of heart in humans.
Vena Cava collects deoxygenated blood from all parts of the body and transport it to right auricle of the heart in human.

Question. Why is it advisable to breathe through nose?
Answer : There are fine hair and mucus gland in the inner lining of nose which filter the incoming air of germs and dust.
Moreover the air attains the optimum temperature before reaching the lungs.

Question. What is peristalsis? 
Answer : Contraction and expansion of alimentary canal to push the food forward is called peristalsis.

Question. How is the passage of food regulated from stomach onwards?
Answer : Food is passed down to small intestine through sphincter muscles present in last part of stomach.

Question. What is the stored form of carbohydrates in plants and animals respectively?
Answer : Starch and glycogen.

Question. Show direction of flow of lymph with the help of flow diagram.
Answer : Lymph ” tissue ” sinus ” lymph vessel ” vein ” heart.

Question. Why rate of breathing in aquatic animals has to be faster than that in terrestrial animals? 
Answer : Amount of O2 dissolved in water is less than O2 present in air therefore rate of breathing in aquatic animals has to be faster than that in terrestrial animals. Terrestrial organism need not spend so much energy to obtain oxygen.

Question. Name the enzyme present in Saliva? What is its role?
Answer :Salivary amylase enzyme present in saliva. It breaks down starch to sugar maltose.

Question. Define transpiration. How does transpiration help in upward movement of water from roots to leaves? .
Answer : Transpiration is the process of removal of water vapours from the aerial parts of a plant, mainly through stomata in the leaves.
Evaporation of water molecules from the cells of a leaf creates a suction force which pulls water from the xylem cells. This transpiration helps in upward movement of water from roots to leaves.

Question. Describe the structure of the human heart briefly.
Answer : Human heart is four chambered. The two upper chambers are called atria and they receive blood from large veins while the two lower chambers are called ventricles. Between left atrium and left ventricle as well as between right atrium and right ventricle are valve which allow blood to flow only from atrium to ventricle.

Question. Name the respiratory pigment in human beings? What is its role? 
Answer : Respiratory pigment, haemoglobin is present in red blood cells. Haemoglobin has affinity for O2 thus helping in its transport.

Question. What are enzyme? Do they play some role in our digestive system too?
Answer : They are chemically proteinaceous biocatalyst, which increase or decrease the rate of a biochemical reaction.
The enzyme present in our digestive system help to breakdown of complex molecules of food into simpler ones.

Question. What is the role of large intestine? 
Answer : Water re-absorption occurs through villi, undigested food is stored in rectum and thrown out through anus.
Exit is regulated by anal sphincter.

Question. What are the outside raw materials used by an organisms?
Answer : Autotrophs can use simple inorganic molecules like water and carbon dioxide while complex organic molecule are used by heterotrophic organisms as proteins, fats and carbohydrates.

Question. Why are ventricles thick walled and muscular?
Answer : Since ventricles have to pump blood into various organs, they are thick-walled and muscular.

Question. How is the length of intestine related to food habit of the animal? 
Answer : Intestine where digestion and absorption occur is very long in herbivores and shorter in carnivores as digesting meat is easier than digesting grass.

Question. Differentiate between Photosynthesis and Respiration.
Answer :

	Respiration	Photosynthesis
1.	It occurs in all living cells.	It occurs in only autotrophs.
2.	O2 reacts with food and energy is released.	CO2 and H2O combine to form starch and water in the presence of light.
3.	It occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria.	Occur in plastidchloroplast

Question. Differentiate between alveoli of lungs and nephrons of kidneys.
Answer : 

	Alveoli in the Lungs	Nephrons in the Kidneys
1.	Thin walled, sac like structure, surrounded with network of capillaries.	Thin walled, tubular structure, surrounded with network of capillaries.
2.	Helps in exchange of gases between blood and outside air, that is, removal of CO2 and taking in of 09.	Helps in filtration of wastes like urea and uric acid from blood
3.	Waste produced is C02 and water vapor (gaseous waste)	Waste produced is urine-salts, urea, uric acid etc. dissolved in water liquid waste

Question. What the components of transport system are in highly organize plants? 
or

Question. What is the difference between Xylem and Phloem?
Answer : There are two conducting tissues in transport system of plants, first is xylem and second is phloem. 

	Xylem	Phloem
1.	Water and mineral from the roots to aerial parts of the plant.	Transportation of food and nutrients from leaves to growing parts of plant. This movement of substance is called translocation.
2.	Its movement is unidirectional – moves up the plant’s stem.	Its movement is bidirectional – moves up and down
3.	Tracheids, vessels are the elements of xylem.	Sieve tubes, companion cells are the element of phloem.

Question. What is respiration? What is its importance for an organism.
Answer : The breakdown of food in cells to release energy.
All kind of food is broken down through oxidationreduction reaction and its chemical energy is converted into a universal source of chemical energy – ATP, Adenosine Tri Phosphate.

Question. What is residual volume in our lungs? What is its importance? 
Answer : Residual volume is the amount of air which is always left inside the lungs in spite of forceful exhalation. It helps in continuous gas exchange during exhalation or inhalation.

Question. Write one function each of the following components of the transport system in human beings
blood vessels
blood platelets
Lymph
Heart
Answer : 
a. Blood vessels: transport of blood.
b. Blood platelets: clotting of blood preventing its loss/leakage.
c. Lymph: carries digested fats/protects from infection/exchange of materials between tissues and blood/drains excessive fluid back to blood.
d. Heart: pumps blood to all parts.

Question. What is the role of valves in veins?
Answer : They prevent the back flow of blood especially when it moves against gravity and under low blood pressure.

Question. How is the small intestine designed to absorb digested food? 
Answer :
Walls of small intestine has finger like projection called villi to increase surface area. The food is absorbed by villi and brought into blood. Fat is brought into lymph vessel.

Question. Why are arteries thick walled and elastic?
Answer : Arteries receive the blood pumped by heart with lots of pressure hence to tolerate and sustain this pressure they are thick walled and elastic.

Question: Differentiate between ureter and urethra.
Answer: 

Question: You were traveling with your family in your car. The car was driven by your father. On your way, you saw a biker on the road who met an accident is bleeding profusely. Your mother wanted to stop and help the accident victim. Your father however did not want to stop as he felt police may harass them if they stop?
(a) What values were shown by your mother?
(b) What happens if a person bleeds profusely?
(c) What will you do if the hospital refuses to provide treatment unless the accident case is registered by police?
Answer: (a) These are moral values which every human must show. Helping and saving life of any person is a great deed and we always do such kind of job because our little help can save someone’s life.(b) If a person bleeds profusely then he/ she will get die after some time because blood plays very important function n our body. It circulates oxygen in our complete body which each cell require in order to survive. When bleeding will continue, there will be no connective tissue in the body which will provide oxygen to all parts of body for sustaining the life. So, after some time person will die.
(c) We will firstly give the primary treatment or first- aid by our self in order to stop the bleeding. Then, we will try to convince the doctor as it is the matter of someone’s life or should try to contact the police as soon as possible in order to save the life of the person.

Question: Distinguish between photosynthesis and respiration.
Answer: 

Question:. Differentiate between left lung and right lung of humans.
Answer: 

Question: Name the water and minerals conducting element of non-flowering plants.
Mention how conduction takes place in it.
Answer: Xylem is the water and minerals conducting element of non- flowering plants. Xylem tracheids remain present in non-flowering plants and xylem vessels are absent.
Conduction takes place in the following manner:
To form a continuous system for water and mineral transportation, element of xylemtracheids (Another element vessel is absent in non-flowering plants) remain interconnected in roots, stem and leaves.
Root cells always remain in contact with the soil and take different ions from it, due to which a concentration gradient arises between root and soil. To overcome this concentration gradient water from the soil moves to the root cells. So, water in the root xylem creates a column and water is pushed upwards. But in plants with great height this pressure is not sufficient to move the water.
Other phenomenon comes over here. Whenever there is excess water in plants evaporation occurs from the stomata which are on the leave surface and this process is called Transpiration. This process creates a negative pressure due to which water is pulled upwards and in this way water is transported in plants with great height

Question: Name the main organs of the human digestive system in the order they participate in the process of digestion. Describe how digestion of carbohydrates and proteins take place in our body.
Answer: Main organs of the human digestive system participate in the following order in process of digestion:
Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus.
Digestion of carbohydrates takes place in following manner: Major carbohydrates that we take are starch, sucrose, lactose.
Digestion of carbohydrates takes place in mouth and stomach and in following steps:

•When food is chewed it is mixed with the ptyalin secreted in mouth and break down carbohydrates in small products. Only 5% of digestion takes place here.

•Then digestion continues in stomach where gastric and acidic secretions of stomach cause 30 to 40% of digestion.

•As partially digested food empties from stomach to duodenum further digestion is caused by pancreatic amylase which converts them into small polymers.

•Final digestion is caused by small intestine where villi contain enzymes like sucrase, lactase, maltase and dextrinase which cause their final digestion by converting them into constituent monosaccharides. 

Digestion of proteins takes place in the following manner:
Digestion of proteins begins in stomach and takes place in following manner:
Pepsin enzyme is responsible for the protein digestion in stomach. It is activated at acidic pH and cause little bit digestion of proteins thereby converting them into small molecules.
It is essential for plants because this process helps all parts of plant to receive the synthesised food, water and minerals and is essential for the survival of plant.
(i) Sugar is synthesised in leaves of the plant.
(ii) Hormones: There are various hormones secreted by plants. Therefore, there are various parts of plants which are associated with hormone synthesis like- Root tips, stems, young fruits, ripe fruits etc.

Question: With a schematic diagram, explain the overall process of respiration.
Answer: Overall process of respiration comprises of two steps: Inspiration and expiration. Inspiration: During this process we inhale the oxygen-rich air through the nostrils which passes through the trachea and then through bronchioles finally reaches the alveoli.
What happens during this process is that diaphragm becomes flattened and rib cage expands. Due to this the size of the thoracic cavity increases. The pressure during this process is low inside and is high outside and as a result we inhale the oxygen-rich air
and this process is called inhalation.
Expiration: During this process we exhale the CO₂ rich air outside the body. The diaphragm becomes flattened and the size of the thoracic cavity decreases. Due to this the pressure inside the lungs is high as compared to atmospheric pressure and as a result the air is exhaled outside the lungs. 

Question: Differentiate between lymphatic capillaries and blood capillaries.
Answer: 

Question: Explain with a schematic representation the exchange of gases in tissues.
Answer: Following is the schematic representation of exchange of gases in tissues: 

cardiopulmonary-system-diagram-diagram-of-the-cardiovascular-system- umancirculatory- system.jpg
First of all the gaseous exchange takes place between the alveoli and blood. Here the alveoli have great partial pressure of oxygen and less partial pressure of CO₂ while in blood the partial pressure of CO₂ is more and partial pressure of O₂ is less. So, exchange of gas takes place between blood and alveoli. The oxygen is transferred to blood and CO₂ is transferred to alveoli.
Same thing happens between blood and cells or other body tissues. Here the partial pressure of oxygen is more in blood and less in tissues while the partial pressure of CO₂ is more in tissues and less in blood. So, exchange of gases takes place and tissues receive oxygen from blood and transfer CO₂ to blood.
In this way tissue receives oxygen.

Question: (a) Name the blood vessel that brings deoxygenated blood to the human heart.
(b) Which chamber of the human heart receives deoxygenated blood?
(c) Describe how deoxygenated blood from this chamber is sent to lungs for oxygenation.
Answer: (a) Vena cava brings the deoxygenated blood to the human heart.
(b) Right atrium receives the deoxygenated blood from vena cava which it further transfers to right ventricle.
(c) Firstly, right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the vena cava which brings deoxygenated blood from all over the body. Then, from right atrium this blood is transferred to right ventricle. Right ventricle transfers this blood to pulmonary artery which carries this deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation.

Question: Draw a sieve tube and label the various parts. Name the dead elements of the phloem.
Answer: Following is the labelled diagram of sieve tube: 

Dead element of phloem is: Phloem fibers