Please refer to Biotechnology Process and Application Class 12 PDF MCQs with answers below. These multiple-choice questions have been prepared based on the latest NCERT book for Class 12 Biology. Students should refer to MCQ Questions for Class 12 Biology with Answers to score more marks in Grade 12 Biology exams. Students should read the chapter Biotechnology and its Application and then attempt the following objective questions.

Biotechnology Process and Application Class 12 PDF MCQs with answers

The Biotechnology Process and Application Class 12 PDF MCQs with answers provided below covers all important topics given in this chapter. These MCQs will help you to properly prepare for exams.

Question. Genetic engineering has been successfully used for producing
(a) transgenic mice for testing safety of polio vaccine before use in humans
(b) transgenic models for studying new treatments for certain cardiac diseases
(c) transgenic cow-Rosie which produces high fat milk for making ghee
(d) animals like bulls for farm work as they have super power.

Question. A ‘new’ variety of rice was patented by a foreign company, though such varieties have been present in India for a long time. This is related to
(a) Co-667
(b) Sharbati Sonora
(c) Lerma Rojo
(d) Basmati.

Question. Which one of the following is now being commercially produced by biotechnological procedures?
(a) Nicotine
(b) Morphine
(c) Quinine
(d) Insulin

Question. Which of the following is known as ‘Flavr Savr’?
(a) Specific variety of pesticide
(b) Breed of chicken
(c) Transgenic tomato
(d) Toxic insecticidal protein

Question. The genetically-modified (GM) brinjal in India has been developed for
(a) insect-resistance
(b) enhancing shelf life
(c) enhancing mineral content
(d) drought-resistance.

Question. An improved variety of transgenic basmati rice
(a) does not require chemical fertilisers and growth hormones
(b) gives high yield and is rich in vitamin A
(c) is completely resistant to all insect pests and diseases of paddy
(d) gives high yield but has no characteristic aroma.

Question. Which of the following is commonly used as a vector for introducing a DNA fragment in human lymphocytes?
(a) Retrovirus
(b) Ti plasmid
(c) l phage
(d) pBR322

Question. Select the wrong statement.
(a) Human insulin is being commercially produced from a transgenic species of Escherichia coli.
(b) Bt toxin genes cryIAc control the corn borer.
(c) Human protein, a-1-antitrypsin is used to treat emphysema.
(d) The first transgenic cow, Rosie, produced alpha lactalbumin, enriched milk.

Question. The 51 amino acids of insulin are arranged in
(a) single polypeptide
(b) two polypeptides, having 21 and 30 amino acids in chain A and B respectively
(c) two polypeptides having 25 and 26 amino acids
(d) two polypeptides having 18 and 33 amino acids.

Question. Which of the following is true for Golden rice?
(a) It has yellow grains, because of a gene introduced from a primitive variety of rice.
(b) It is vitamin A enriched, with a gene from daffodil.
(c) It is pest resistant, with a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis.
(d) It is drought tolerant, developed using Agrobacterium vector.

Question. Identify the incorrect statement regarding Bt cotton.
(a) Dried spores of Bacillus thuringiensis are sprayed on its vulnerable leaves.
(b) It releases toxin that causes swelling in the gut of insect that ingest its leaves.
(c) It is a transgenic plant.
(d) It can produce toxin due to gene introduced in it by transgenesis.

Question. The introduction of T-DNA into plants involves
(a) exposing the plants to cold for a brief period
(b) allowing the plant roots to stand in water
(c) infection of the plant by Agrobacterium tumefaciens
(d) altering the pH of the soil, then heatshocking the plants.

Question. RNA interference which is employed in making tobacco plant resistant to Meloidogyne
incognita is essentially involved in
(a) preventing the process of replication of DNA
(b) preventing the process of translation of mRNA
(c) preventing the process of splicing of hnRNA
(d) preventing the process of transcription.

Question. Consumption of which one of the following foods can prevent the kind of blindness associated with vitamin ‘A’ deficiency?
(a) ‘Flavr Savr’ tomato
(b) Canolla
(c) Golden rice
(d) Bt-brinjal

Question. Bt toxin is –
(a) lntracellularlipids
(b) Intraceliular crystalline protein
(c) Extracellular crystalline protein
(d) Intraceliular polysaccharide

Question. cry-genes have been introduced in –
(a) Cotton and corn
(b) Rice
(c) Potato and Soyabean
(d) All

Question. What might be an advantage of beginning gene therapy prior to birth?
(a) This would give the body plenty of time to utilize the new genes
(b) The body would not reject it as it hasn’t yet recognised “self
(c) Since cells are extremely young, they are more receptive of gene therapy
(d) There probably isn’t any advantage

Question. Which one is correct?
(a) Bone marrow transplants are not a problem for patients with SCID.
(b) Many simple organisms can become transgenic. Humans are too complex to become transgenic
(c) Insulin is a protein and would be digested if ingested
(d) AII

Question. Which of the following is for increasing food production?
(a) Agro-chemical based agriculture
(b) Organic agriculture
(c) Genetically engineered crop-based agriculture
(d) All

Question. Which of the following is a benefit to having insulin produced by biotechnology?
(a) it is just as effective and is less expensive
(b) it can be mass-produced
(c) It is non allergic .
(d) AII

Question. Following are the steps in one type of gene therapy –
I. Inject engineered cells into patients bone marrow
II. Viral DMA earring the normal allele inserts into chromosome
III. Let retrovirus infect bone marrow cells that have removed from patient and cultured
IV. Insert RNA version of normal allele into retrovirus Which of the following is correct sequence of steps –
(a) I, II, III, IV
(b) IV, III, II, I
(c) I, II, IV, III
(d) IV, III, I, II
(d) All of the above

Question. Which of the following is not included under the application of biotechnology?
(a) Genetically modified crops
(b) Processed food
(c) Waste treatment; and energy production
(d) None

Question. First transgenic crop is –
(a) Cotton
(b) Pea
(c) Tobacco
(d) Flax

Question. Which is not a transgenic plant?
(a) Soyabean
(b) Maize
(c) Golden rice
(d) Cucumber

Question. The crops having cry-genes need –
(a) No insecticide
(b) Miid quantity of insecticide
(c) Large amount of insecticide
(d) 5 kg insecticide / hectare

Question. Bacillus thuringiehsis is a bacterium of-
(a) Small intestine
(b) Dirty water
(c) Skin of dog
(d) Soil

Question. Strains of Bacillus thuringiensis are used in producing –
(a) Bioinsecticidal plants
(b) Biominer zation
(c) Biometullurgical techniques
(d) Biofertilizers

Question. The first human drug made using recombinant DNA technology was-
(a) Glyphosates
(b) TPA
(c) Insulin
(d) Erythropoietin

Question. Which of the following is correct?
(a) The proteins encoded by the genes crylAc and cryllAb control cotton bollworms
(b) Protein encoded by crylAb controls corn borer
(c) Both
(d) Proteins encoded by crylAc and crylAb control flies

Question. “Silencing” of mRNA molecule in order to control the production of a harmful protein has been used in protection c plants from- 4
(a) Nematodes
(b) Mosquitoes
(c) Bettles .
(d) Flies

Question. Bt toxin genes are isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated into crop plants making them insecticidal. The choice of genes depend upon-
(a) Crop plant only
(b) Targeted pest only
(c) Both a and b
(d) neither type of crop nor targeted pest

Question. Which of the following statements is false?
I. Insulin was originally extracted from pancreas of slaughtered pigs and cattle
II. Animal insulin is difficult to obtain
III. Animal insulin is identical to human insulin
IV. Non human insulin caused some patients to develop allergy
V. Recombinant DMA allowed scientists to insert a human insulin gene into a bacterial expression sector
VI. Recombinant insulin is actually obtained from E. coli bacterial cell
(a) Only I and II
(b) Only III and IV
(c) Only III
(d) Only VI

Question. Which of the following nematode infects the roots of tobacco plants and causes a great reduction in yield?
(a) Wuchereria
(b) Ancyclostoma
(c) Meloidegyne incognitia
(d) Enterobius

Question. Introduction of trangenes will result in –
(a) Formation of new species
(b) Formation of new protein
(c) Alter a biosynthetic pathway
(d) Both b and c

Question. The RNAi stands for –
(a) RNA inactivation
(b) RNA initiation
(c) RNA interference
(d) RNA interferon

Question. Bt toxin is harmful to insects like –
(a) Lepidoterans (tobacco budworm, armyworms)
(b) Coleopterans (bettles)
(c) Dipterans (flies and mosquito)
(d) All

Question. Antisense RNA is –
(a) RNA that makes opposite sense
(b) RNA that investigators find confusing
(c) The noncoding strand of DNA molecule
(d) RNA that is complementary to certain mRNA

Question. Bt toxin is –
(a) Extotoxin biodegradable insecticide
(b) Extotoxin, bionondegradable insecticide
(c) Endotoxin biodegradable insecticide
(d) Endotoxin, bionondegradable insecticide

Question. !. Recombinant DNAtechnology is used to improve crop plants by increasing their productivity, by making them more nutritious and by developing disease resistant.
II. Bt cotton is resistant to bollworm infestation.
III. Bacillus thuringiensis form cry protein during any phase of their growth
IV. Bacillus thuringiensis is not harmed by self Cry protein because of its occurrence as protoxin (inactive)
V. Protoxin Cry protein is changed into active Cry protein in the stomach of insects due to alk ne pH in stomach
(a) All are correct
(b) I and IV are correct
(c) Only III is false
(d) All are false

Question. Which of the following techniques serve the purpose of early diagnosis?
I. R-DNA technology
II. PCR
III. ELISA
IV. Convential method of diagnosis (serum, urine analysis, etc)
(a) 1,11,111
(b) IV only
(c) III only
(d) AII

Question. Human gene therapy requires-
(a) Gene isolation
(b) Introduction of DMA into target cells
(c) Inclusion of a promoter sequence
(d) All

Question. Genetically modified tobacco plant with Bt gene is resistant to –
(a) Bollworms
(b) Hornworms
(c) Hookworms
(d) Roundworms

Question. Bt is resistant to –
(a) Viruses
(b) Abiotic stress
(c) Bollworm
(d) Herbicide

Question. Bt cotton farming has shown good results in –
(a) Malwa (Punjab)
(b) Katihar(Bihar)
(c) Kolkata (West Bengal)
(d) Shimla

Question. Several nematodes parasitise –
(a) A wide variety of plants
(b) A wide variety of animals
(c) Human
(d) AII

Question. When a patient with defective ADA was treated, which of the following steps was performed for gene therapy?
I. Lymphocytes were obtained from the patients ,
II. Lymphocytes are transferred to culture dishes
III. Lymphocytes were transfected with normal ADA genes
IV. The transfected cells are returned to the patients
(a) AII
(b) Only III and IV
(c) Only IV
(d) only I and IV

Question. Why is repeated transfusions of genetically engineered cells required in SCID patients?
(a) Transfused cells have a limited life span
(b) The introduced gene is mutated
(c) Transfused cells are immortal
(d) Both a and b

Question. Which of the following could be a permanent cure for treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) –
(a) Bone marrow transplantation
(b) Gene therapy
(c) Enzyme replacement therapy
(d) Both a and c

Question. Which of the following is the source of complementary strand in mRNA silencing.
(a) An infection by viruses having RNA genome
(b) Mobile genetic elements (Transposons)
(c) Both
(d) Proteins

Question. A doctor while operating on an HIV + patient accidentally cut himself with a scalpel. He comes to you, suspectir himself to have contracted the virus which test will you advise him to rule out/ confirm his suspicion?
(a) PCR
(b) Routine urine examination
(c) TLC
(d) DLC

Question. The first clinical gene therapy was given in 1990 to a 4 years old girl with which of the following enzyme deficiency?
(a) Adenosinedeaminase(ADA)
(b) Tyrosine oxidase
(c) Monamine oxidase
(d) Glutamate dehydrogenase

Question. Which of the following is a correct statement?
(a) “Bt” in Bt-cotton indicates that it is genetically modified organism produced through Biotechnology
(b) Somatic hybridization involves fusion of two complete plant cells earring desired genes
(c) The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brass/ca napus seeds
(d) “Flavr Savr” variety of tomato has enriched the production of ethylene which improves its taste

Question. mRNA silencing is called –
(a) RNAi
(b) RNA activation
(c) RNA without initiation codon
(d) RNA is not producing interferon

Question. How does Bt toxin kill the larvae of certain insects?
(a) by binding of activated toxin on mid gut epithelial cells, creating pores, leading to swelling and lysis
(b) By stopping transcription of larval cells
(c) By altering central dogma taking place in the cells of gut of larva
(d) by stopping protein synthesis

Question. Why insulin not administered orally to diabetic patient?
(a) Insulin is bitter in taste
(b) Insulin is a peptide
(c) Insulin will lead to sudden decrease in blood sugar if given orally
(d) Insulin leads to peptic ulcer if given orally !.

Question. Which of the following peptide chain is removed during maturation of pro-insulin into insulin?
(a) A peptide
(b) B-peptide
(c) C-peptide
(d) A and C peptide

Question. RNA interference (RNAi) technique has been devised to protect the plants from nematode is silenced by _______ produced by the host plant.
(a) dsDNA
(b) ssDNA
(c) dsRNA
(d) target proteins

Question. A plant expressing a gene from another organisms is –
(a) Transgenic
(b) Clone
(c) Transformed
(d) Somoclonal variant

Question. Bt gene produces protein toxin to insect larvae is –
(a) Cry
(b) ciy
(c) Typ ‘
(d) trp

Question. Which technique would you expect to be completely curative in SCI D?
(a) Gene therapy in adult stage
(b) Gene therapy in embryonic stage
(c) Bone marrow transplantation
(d) Enzyme replacement therapy

Question. Which of the following is correct about ADA?
(a) ADA is crucial for immune system to function
(b) In the absence of this enzyme, purine metabolism is disturbed and T-cells fail to function
(c) ADA deficiency is caused by deletion of the gene for ADA
(d) AII

Question. Transgenic rats, rabbits, pigs, sheep cows and fish have produced although over 95 percent of all existing transgenic animals are-
(a) pigs
(b) fish
(c) rats
(d) mice

Question. The application of biotechnology includes all except –
(a) Therapeutics
(b) Diagnostics
(c) Convential hybridization
(d) Bioremediation

Question. Three critical research areas of biotechnology are –
I. Providing the best catalyst in the form of improved organism usually a microbe or pure enzyme
II. Multiple Ovulation Transfer Technology (MOET)
III. Creating optimal conditions through engineering for a catalyst to act.
IV. Downstream processing technologies
(a) I, II, III, IV
(b) I, III, IV
(c)l, II
(d) II and IV

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