Please refer to Chapter 7 Evolution MCQ Class 12 Biology with answers below. These multiple-choice questions have been prepared based on the latest NCERT book for Class 12 Biology. Students should refer to MCQ Questions for Class 12 Biology with Answers to score more marks in Grade 12 Biology exams. Students should read the chapter Evolution and then attempt the following objective questions.

MCQ Questions Class 12 Biology Chapter 7 Evolution

The Evolution MCQ Class 12 Biology provided below covers all important topics given in this chapter. These MCQs will help you to properly prepare for exams.

Question. Which one of the following phenomenon supports Darwin’s concept of natural selection in organic evolution?
(a) Development of transgenic animals
(b) Production of ‘Dolly’, the sheep by cloning
(c) Prevalence of pesticide resistant insects
(d) Development of organs from ‘stem cells’ for organ transplantation

Question. Synapsids evolved around
(a) 350 mya
(b) 300 mya
(c) 250 mya
(d) 200 mya

Question. A. The conditions on primitives earth (before the origin of life) were: low temperature, volcanic storms, reducing atmosphere containg CH₄, NH₃, etc.
B. Cheetah and humans share similarities in the pattern of bones of forelimbs.
C. In a collection of moths made in the 1850s, i.e,. before industrialization set in, it was observed that there were more dark-winged moths on trees than white-winged moths.
D. Branching descent and natural selection are the two key concept of Darwinian theory of evolution.
E. The Neanderthal man with a brain size of 1400cc lived in east and central Asia 25000-10000 years ago.
Which set of given statements are correct?
(a) A, B, E
(b) B, D
(c) A, C, E
(d) B, C

Question. The kind of evolution in which two species of different genealogy comes to resemble one another closely, is termed as
(a) Progressive evolution
(b) Convergent evolution
(c) Parallel evolution
(d) Regressive evolution

Question. Which of the following is a pair of analogous organs?
(a) Contractile vacuole in Amoeba and uriniferous tubule in frog
(b) Paddle of whale and front legs of horse
(c) Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita
(d) Fore limbs in lizard and wings in birds

Question. In England, in 1920 (after industrialization) when a collection of moths was made it was observed that.
(a) White winged moths were dominant
(b) Dark winged moths were dominant
(c) Dark winged moths became extinct
(d) Dark and White winged moths were equal in number.

Question. Choose the correct match from the following.
(a) Giraffes with long necks-Lamarck
(b) Branching descent- Malthus
(c) Mutation causes speciation- Darwin
(d) Inheritable factors influence phenotype-De-Vries

Question. Select the incorrect statement.
(a) The Neanderthal man used hides to protect their body and they buried their dead.
(b) During ice age between 75,000-10,000 years ago modern Homo sapiens arose.
(c) Homo erectus had abrain size around 650-800cc .
(d) Homo habilis probably did not eat meat.

Question . During the time of “Origin of Life” the water of primitive ocean las been called “Lot dilute soup” of organic substances by-   
(a) Miller
(b) Oparin
(c) Heldane
(d) Sidney fox

Question . Evolutionary history of a group of organisms is called:         
(a) ontogeny
(b) taxonomy
(c) systematics
(d) phylogeny

Question . Presence of gills in the tadpole of frog indicates that:     
(a) frogs evolved from gilled ancestors
(b) fishes were amphibious in the past
(c) fishes evolved from frog-like ancestors
(d) frogs will have gills in future

Question . The greatest evolutionary change enabling the land vertebrates to be completely free from water was the development of-     
(a) lungs
(b) four legs
(c) four chambered heart
(d) cleidoic eggs and internal fertilization

Question . Select the correct statement –       
I. Swan-necked flask experiment was done by Louis Pasteur.
II. The early belief of the spontaneous origin of life was disproved by Louis Pasteur.
III. Louis Pasteur is famous for germ theory of disease develop from pre-existing.
IV. The idea that life originates from pre-existing life is referred as biogenesis theory.
V. Father sudrez was one of the greatest advocates of theory of special creation.
VI . Cosmozoic theory of the origin of life was proposed by Richter.
VII. The founder of ‘theory of catastrophism’ is Georges Cuvier.
(a) All are correct
(b) I, II, IV, VI only
(c) III, V, VII
(d) None

Question . Chemical theory of origin of life was given by:     
(a) Spallanzani
(b) Louis Pasteur
(c) Stanley Miller
(d) Oparin and Haldan

Question . Analogous structures are:.       
(a) similar in origin and function
(b) different in origin and function
(c) different in origin but similar in function
(d) similar in origin but different in function

Question . Which is incorrect?   
(a) Wings of insects and bats are analogous
(b) Wings of bats and birds are homologous
(c) Wings of insects and birds are analogous
(d) Wings of insects and birds are homologous

Question . Which compound had a very important role in prebiotic evolution?     
(a) CH₄
(b) NO
(c) S0₂
(d) SO₃

Question . Coacervates belongs to the category of.         
(a) protozoans
(b) cyanobacteria
(c) molecular aggregates
(d) molecular aggregates surrounded by lipid membrane

Question . Coacervates were experimentally produced by:     
(a) Urey and Miller
(b) Jacob and Monod •
(c) Fischer and Huxley
(d) Sidney Fox and Oparin

Question . Evolutionary convergence is the development of:     
(a) common set of characters in groups of different ancestry
(b) common set of characters in closely related groups
(c) dissimilar characters in closely related groups
(d) random mating

Question . Peripatus is a;connecting link between:   
(a) annelids and molluscs
(b) reptiles and mammals
(c) annelids and arthropods
(d) annelids and helminthes

Question . Eyes of an Octopus and mammals appear quite similar, but these are different in their basic structure and origin, heave they are:     
(a) ancestral organs
(b) analogous organs
(c) homologous organs
(d) both homologous and analogous organs

Question . Stanley Miller conducted experiments in 1953 on prebiotic Earth environment using special apparatus. The primary surprising products were:   
(a) peptides
(b) nucleotides
(c) amino acids
(d) simple sugars

Question . Life cannot originate from inorganic material at present because of:     
(a) absence of raw material
(b) very low atmospheric temperature
(c) high degree of environmental pollution
(d) very high amount of oxygen in atmosphere

Question . Abiogenesis means:    
(a) spontaneous generation
(b) origin of viruses and microbes
(c) origin of life from living organisms
(d) origin of life from nonliving organism

Question . The classical example of adaptive radiation in development of new species is:       
(a) Darwin’s finches
(b) Marsupials of Austr a
(c) Both of these
(d) None of these

Question . ‘Modern theory of origin of life’ was propounded by:     
(a) Oparin
(b) Miller
(c) Darwin
(d) Khorana

Question . The theory which explains the origin of life and is based upon experiments is:     
(a) biogenesis
(b) catastrophism
(c) abiogenesis
(d) chemical theory

Question . Oparin’s theory of’Origin of life’is based on:     
(a) chemical evolution
(b) cosmic evolution
(c) artificial synthesis
(d) organic evolution

Question . The basic components of atmosphere of primitive Earth were: 
(a) ammonia, methane and water
(b) methane, ozone, nitrogen and water
(c) hydrogen, nitrogen, methane and water
(d) ammonia, methane, hydrogen and water

Qusetion. About how long ago was the Earth       
(a) 3.0 billion years ago
(b) 10 billion yews ago
(c) 4.6 billion years ago
(d) 20 billion yews ago

Question . Which was first photosynthetic organism?     
(a) Red algae
(b) Green algae
(c) Cyanobacteria
(d) Protobiota

Question . Organisms which obtain energy by the oxidation of reduced inorganic compounds are called:   
(a) saprozoic
(b) chemoautotrophs
(c) photoautotrophs
(d) coproheterotrophs

Question . The basis of life is:       
(a) lipid
(b) protein
(c) nucleic acid
(d) nucleoprotein

Question . Which of the following experiments suggests that simplest living organisms could not lave originated spontaneously from non-living matter-       
(a) Microbes did not appear in stored meat
(b) Larvae could appear is decaying organic matter
(c) Microbes appeared from unsterilised organic matter
(d) Meat was not spoilt, when heated and kept sealed in a ressel

Question . The presence of salts (NaCI and others) in the animal body fluids gives an inference that life originated in the:       
(a) rain water
(b) salt solutions
(c) primitive ocean
(d) none of these

Question . Select the wrong pair:     
(a) Oparin — Photobiont
(b) Spallanzani — Abiogenesis
(c) Fox — Coacervates
(d) Haldane — Hot dilute soup

Question . The most primitive cell-like chemical aggregates capable of growth and division were –     
(a) eobionts
(b) prokaryotes
(c) microspheres
(d) chemoautotrophs

Question . Origin of life as a result of chemical evolution was properly explained by:       
(a) Fax
(b) Oparin
(c) Watson
(d) Haeckel

Question . Which of the following evolved first?     
(a) Coacervates
(b) Viroids
(c) Cyanobacteria
(d) Mycoplasma

Question . Egg laying mammals and marsupials are found in Austr a and nowhere else. This indicates:       
(a) natural barrier
(b)climatic barrier
(c) continuous distribution
(d) discontinuous distribution

Question . Stanley Miller proposed origin of life by:         
(a) biogenesis
(b) abiogenesis
(c) chemical synthesis
(d) none of these

Question . Life originated in the era:   
(a) Proterozoic
(b) Mesozoic
(c) Precambrian ‘
(d) Cenozoic

Question. Which of the following are homologous organs?     
(a) Wings insects and bats
(b) Fins of fishes and flippers of whale
(c) Fins of fishes and forearms of human
(d) Forearm of human, bat’s wings and whale’s flippers, fore limbs of horse

Question. The oldest eukaryotic fossil is:       
(a) 1.5 billion years old
(b) 3.5 billion years old
(c) 2.5 billion years old
(d) 600 million years old

Question. Which one of the following amino acids was not found to be synthesized in Miller’s experiment?             
(a) Alanine
(b) Glycine
(c) Aspartic acid
(d) Glutamicacid

Question. The primitive Earth conditions were experimentally shown by.   
(a) Miller
(b) Urey
(c) Oparin
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Question. Peripatus in a connecting link between-       
(a) annelids and helminthes
(b) annelids and molluscs
(c) annelids and arthopods
(d) reptiles and mammals

Question. Which one of the following pairs has homologous organs?     
(a) Air bladder offish and lungs of frog
(b) Wings of a bat and wings of cockroach
(c) Wings of a bird and wings of a butterfly
(d) Pectoral fins of a fish and forelimbs of a horse

Question. Which one of the following is incorrect about the characteristic of protobionts (coacervates and microspheres) as envisaged in abiogenic origin of life?   
(a) They were able to reproduce
(b) They could maintain an internal environment
(c) They were partially isolated from the surroundings
(d) They could separate combinations of molecules from the surroundings

Question. Bacteria that live around deep-sea lot water meets obtain energy by oxidising inorganic hydrogen sulphide belched out by the verts. They use this energy to build organic molecules from carbon obtained from the carbon dioxide in the sea water. These bacteria night be deceived as-   
(a) Photohetero trophs
(b) Cheno auto trophs
(c) Photoautotrophs
(d) Chenohetero trophs

Question. The organs which look different but have the same basic structure and origin are known as:     
(a) homologous
(b) vestigial
(c) heterologous
(d) analogous

Question. Two zoogeographical regions separated by high mountain ranges are:       
(a) Oriental and Austr an
(b) Palaearctic and Oriental ,
(c) Nearctic and Palaearctic
(d) Neotropical and Ethiopian

Question. Atavism in man means:       
(a) appearance of new characters
(b) evolution of existing characters
(c) appearance of ancestral characters
(d) loss of some pre-existing characters

Question. Who performed an experiment to prove that organic compounds were the basis of life?   
(a) Calvin
(b) Miller
(c) Oparin
(d) Melvin

Question. On the primitive Earth, polymers such as proteins and nucleic acids in aqueous suspension formed the spherical aggregates. These are called:       
(a) liposomes
(b) primitogens
(c) coacervates , “
(d) primitosomes

Question. Which pair of organs are analogous in nature? 
(a) Gill of fish and gill of prawn
(b) Ear of frog and ear of rabbit
(c) Arm of man and limb of horse
(d) Wing of bat and flipper of seal

Question. Which one is present today but was absent about 3 to 5 million years ago? 
(a) N₂
(b) 0₂
(c) H₂
(d) CH₂

Question. There is no life in Moon due to the absence of:       
(a) water
(b) light
(c) temperature
(d) oxygen

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